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Consensus in the presence of partial synchrony

by Cynthia Dwork, Nancy Lynch, Larry Stockmeyer - JOURNAL OF THE ACM , 1988
"... The concept of partial synchrony in a distributed system is introduced. Partial synchrony lies between the cases of a synchronous system and an asynchronous system. In a synchronous system, there is a known fixed upper bound A on the time required for a message to be sent from one processor to ano ..."
Abstract - Cited by 513 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
correctly in the partially synchronous system regardless of the actual values of the bounds A and (I,. In another version of partial synchrony, the bounds are known, but are only guaranteed to hold starting at some unknown time T, and protocols must be designed to work correctly regardless of when time

USER’S GUIDE TO VISCOSITY SOLUTIONS OF SECOND ORDER PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

by Michael G. Crandall, Hitoshi Ishii, Pierre-louis Lions , 1992
"... The notion of viscosity solutions of scalar fully nonlinear partial differential equations of second order provides a framework in which startling comparison and uniqueness theorems, existence theorems, and theorems about continuous dependence may now be proved by very efficient and striking argume ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1399 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
The notion of viscosity solutions of scalar fully nonlinear partial differential equations of second order provides a framework in which startling comparison and uniqueness theorems, existence theorems, and theorems about continuous dependence may now be proved by very efficient and striking

Segmentation of brain MR images through a hidden Markov random field model and the expectation-maximization algorithm

by Yongyue Zhang, Michael Brady, Stephen Smith - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL. IMAGING , 2001
"... The finite mixture (FM) model is the most commonly used model for statistical segmentation of brain magnetic resonance (MR) images because of its simple mathematical form and the piecewise constant nature of ideal brain MR images. However, being a histogram-based model, the FM has an intrinsic limi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 639 (15 self) - Add to MetaCart
, the HMRF-EM framework can easily be combined with other techniques. As an example, we show how the bias field correction algorithm of Guillemaud and Brady (1997) can be incorporated into this framework to achieve a three-dimensional fully automated approach for brain MR image segmentation.

Perspectives on Program Analysis

by Flemming Nielson , 1996
"... eing analysed. On the negative side, the semantic correctness of the analysis is seldom established and therefore there is often no formal justification for the program transformations for which the information is used. The semantics based approach [1; 5] is often based on domain theory in the form ..."
Abstract - Cited by 685 (35 self) - Add to MetaCart
eing analysed. On the negative side, the semantic correctness of the analysis is seldom established and therefore there is often no formal justification for the program transformations for which the information is used. The semantics based approach [1; 5] is often based on domain theory

Local grayvalue invariants for image retrieval

by Cordelia Schmid, Roger Mohr - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence , 1997
"... Abstract—This paper addresses the problem of retrieving images from large image databases. The method is based on local grayvalue invariants which are computed at automatically detected interest points. A voting algorithm and semilocal constraints make retrieval possible. Indexing allows for efficie ..."
Abstract - Cited by 548 (27 self) - Add to MetaCart
for efficient retrieval from a database of more than 1,000 images. Experimental results show correct retrieval in the case of partial visibility, similarity transformations, extraneous features, and small perspective deformations. Index Terms—Image retrieval, image indexing, graylevel invariants, matching

Sequential Monte Carlo Methods for Dynamic Systems

by Jun S. Liu, Rong Chen - Journal of the American Statistical Association , 1998
"... A general framework for using Monte Carlo methods in dynamic systems is provided and its wide applications indicated. Under this framework, several currently available techniques are studied and generalized to accommodate more complex features. All of these methods are partial combinations of three ..."
Abstract - Cited by 664 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
A general framework for using Monte Carlo methods in dynamic systems is provided and its wide applications indicated. Under this framework, several currently available techniques are studied and generalized to accommodate more complex features. All of these methods are partial combinations of three

Real-Time Tracking of Non-Rigid Objects using Mean Shift

by Dorin Comaniciu, Visvanathan Ramesh, Peter Meer - IEEE CVPR 2000 , 2000
"... A new method for real-time tracking of non-rigid objects seen from a moving camera isproposed. The central computational module is based on the mean shift iterations and nds the most probable target position in the current frame. The dissimilarity between the target model (its color distribution) an ..."
Abstract - Cited by 815 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
) and the target candidates is expressed by a metric derived from the Bhattacharyya coefficient. The theoretical analysis of the approach shows that it relates to the Bayesian framework while providing a practical, fast and efficient solution. The capability of the tracker to handle in real-time partial occlusions

Algorithmic mechanism design

by Noam Nisan, Amir Ronen - Games and Economic Behavior , 1999
"... We consider algorithmic problems in a distributed setting where the participants cannot be assumed to follow the algorithm but rather their own self-interest. As such participants, termed agents, are capable of manipulating the algorithm, the algorithm designer should ensure in advance that the agen ..."
Abstract - Cited by 662 (23 self) - Add to MetaCart
that the agents ’ interests are best served by behaving correctly. Following notions from the field of mechanism design, we suggest a framework for studying such algorithms. Our main technical contribution concerns the study of a representative task scheduling problem for which the standard mechanism design tools

Trade Liberalization, Exit, and Productivity Improvements: Evidence from Chilean Plants

by Nina Pavcnik - Review of Economic Studies , 2002
"... This paper empirically investigates the effects of liberalized trade on plant productivity in the case of Chile. Chile presents an interesting setting to study this relationship since it underwent a massive trade liberalization that significantly exposed its plants to competition from abroad during ..."
Abstract - Cited by 555 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
the late 1970s and early 1980s. Methodologically, I approach this question in two steps. In the first step, I estimate a production function to obtain a measure of plant productivity. I estimate the production function semiparametrically to correct for the presence of selection and simultaneity biases

Dynamic capabilities and strategic management

by David J. Teece, Gary Pisano, Amy Shuen - Strategic Management Journal , 1997
"... The dynamic capabilities framework analyzes the sources and methods of wealth creation and capture by private enterprise firms operating in environments of rapid technological change. The competitive advantage of firms is seen as resting on distinctive processes (ways of coordinating and combining), ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1792 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
and how a firm’s competitive advantage is eroded depends on the stability of market demand, and the ease of replicability (expanding internally) and imitatability (replication by competitors). If correct, the framework suggests that private wealth creation in regimes of rapid technological change depends
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