"... In PAGE 4: ... For example, a document in position 2 would move to position 11. 3 Results and Analysis As shown in Table1 , we found that the best e ectiveness of these four conditions was achieved by the Baseline (completely automatic) condition, although the di erences were not statistically signi cant at p lt; 0:05 by a paired two-tailed t-test. We performed a query- by-query analysis to better understand this result and observed two important e ects.... ..."

"... In PAGE 8: ...Table 5: Frequency of one or more splits found on arti cial data Having done a power analysis of the weak tests used by (Gilovich et al, 1985), we of course also performed a power analysis of our own test. The results are reported in Table5 , which extends the prior analysis to incorporate MML on the same tests. These results are not actually very encouraging: on the data set sizes actually recorded by (Gilovich et al, 1985), 9It should not be confused with Minimum Description Length inference (MDL), which was developed by (Rissanen, 1978) in response to (Wallace and Boulton, 1968) and speci cally as an anti-Bayesian inference method.... In PAGE 9: ... But before getting very excited by this kind of case, we need to consider the probability of MML nding false positives, reporting splits that are unreal. The frequency of false positives in the simulated data (the rst row in Table5 ) is 0.16.... ..."

"... In PAGE 18: ... By contrast, the two-annulus method produces false detections that are spread more evenly over the map, and the real source in the lower left quadrant is more readily identi ed. To study this e ect more systematically, we repeated this experiment a thousand times, and the results are shown in Table2 . The two-annulus detector was slightly better, on average, than the one-annulus detector for points 2, 4, and 5; these are points on the diagonal where the background curvature is small.... In PAGE 21: ... Figure 12 compares the Poisson dispersion index and a two-annulus statistic, showing that the two-annulus statistic is completely insensitive to to linear gradients, but is more sensitive to weak quadradic nonuniformities. The last two columns of Table2 show how the annulus-based background statistic is able distinguish troughs (negative value at point 1), peaks (positive value at point 3), and low curvature points (2, 4, and 5) in the background nonuniformity. As with ordinary point source detection, there is a trade in the choice of annulus size.... ..."

"... In PAGE 26: ... 127 hidden units, learning rate 0.1, momentum 0.6, 600 epochs 6 Experimental Results 6.1 Results on the Arti cial Data Set Table2 shows the results of running each of these APR algorithms on the Arti cial Data Set. In addition, we show the results of the C4.... ..."

"... In PAGE 6: ...1 O cial F =0:8 scores The o cial iCLEF score for both systems is F =0:8, which combines precision and recall over the set of manually retrieved documents, favoring precision. The results of our experiment can be seen in Table2 . Our proposed system (PHRASES) improves the reference system (WORDS) by a 65% increment.... ..."

"... In PAGE 6: ...1 O cial F =0:8 scores The o cial iCLEF score for both systems is F =0:8, which combines precision and recall over the set of manually retrieved documents, favoring precision. The results of our experiment can be seen in Table2 . Our proposed system (PHRASES) improves the reference system (WORDS) by a 65% increment.... ..."

"... In PAGE 6: ...1 Dependency Function Since the principal focus of this paper lies in examin- ing the dependency function value of both the fuzzy- rough and entropy-assisted fuzzy-rough approaches to FS, it is important to note that the entropy-assisted approach as described in [9] selects reducts for con- sideration on the basis of entropy value for that reduct. Table2 presents a comparison of reduct size, and dependency value, using both FRFS and entropy- based approaches. Figure 4: Dependency Function value: FRFS and FEAFRFS It is clear from the results obtained that both FRFS and entropy-assisted methods both re ect very similar (in some cases identical) values of depen- dency as noted in [9].... ..."