compression standard for continuous-tone still images, both grayscale and color. JPEG’s proposed standard aims to be generic, to support a wide variety of applications for continuous-tone images. To meet the differing needs of many applications, the JPEG standard includes two basic compression methods, each

Pseudorandom generators are fundamental to many theoretical and applied aspects of computing. We show howto construct a pseudorandom generator from any oneway function. Since it is easy to construct a one-way function from a pseudorandom generator, this result shows that there is a pseudorandom

KL-ONE lets one define and use a class of descriptive terms called Concepts, where each Concept denotes a set of objects A subsumption relation between Concepts is defined which is related to set inclusion by way of a semantics for Concepts. This subsumption relation defines a partial order

This paper considers an application of blind identification to beamforming. The key point is to use estimates of directional vectors rather than resorting to their hypothesized value. By using estimates of the directional vectors obtained via blind identification i.e. without knowing the arrray manifold, beamforming is made robust with respect to array deformations, distortion of the wave front, pointing errors, etc ... so that neither array calibration nor physical modeling are necessary. Rather surprisingly, `blind beamformers' may outperform `informed beamformers' in a plausible range of parameters, even when the array is perfectly known to the informed beamformer. The key assumption blind identification relies on is the statistical independence of the sources, which we exploit using fourth-order cumulants. A computationally efficient technique is presented for the blind estimation of directional vectors, based on joint diagonalization of 4th-order cumulant matrices

The notion of non-malleable cryptography, an extension of semantically secure cryptography, is defined. Informally, in the context of encryption the additional requirement is that given the ciphertext it is impossible to generate a different ciphertext so that the respective plaintexts are related

volatility persistence. Meanwhile, when judged by standard forecast evaluation criteria, based on the squared or absolute returns over daily or longer forecast horizons, standard volatility models provide seemingly poor forecasts. The present paper demonstrates that, contrary to this contention

MPI (Message Passing Interface) is a specification for a standard library for message passing that was defined by the MPI Forum, a broadly based group of parallel computer vendors, library writers, and applications specialists. Multiple implementations of MPI have been developed. In this paper, we

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With the introduction of the H.264/AVC video coding standard, significant improvements have recently been demonstrated in video compression capability. The Joint Video Team of the ITU-T VCEG and the ISO/IEC MPEG has now also standardized a Scalable Video Coding (SVC) extension of the H.264/AVC

The Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) is an upper level ontology that has been proposed as a starter document for The Standard Upper Ontology Working Group, an IEEE-sanctioned working group of collaborators from the fields of engineering, philosophy, and information science. The SUMO provides