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Next century challenges: Scalable coordination in sensor networks

by Deborah Estrin, Ramesh Govindan, John Heidemann , 1999
"... Networked sensors-those that coordinate amongst them-selves to achieve a larger sensing task-will revolutionize information gathering and processing both in urban envi-ronments and in inhospitable terrain. The sheer numbers of these sensors and the expected dynamics in these environ-ments present un ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1103 (41 self) - Add to MetaCart
unique challenges in the design of unattended autonomous sensor networks. These challenges lead us to hypothesize that sensor network coordination applications may need to be structured differently from traditional net-work applications. In particular, we believe that localized algorithms (in which

Next Century Challenges: Mobile Networking for “Smart Dust”

by J. M. Kahn, R. H. Katz , K. S. J. Pister , 1999
"... Large-scale networks of wireless sensors are becoming an active topic of research. Advances in hardware technology and engineering design have led to dramatic reductions in size, power consumption and cost for digital circuitry, wire-less communications and Micro ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS). Th ..."
Abstract - Cited by 622 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
the key elements of the emergent technology of “Smart Dust ” and outline the research challenges they present to the mobile networking and systems community, which must provide coherent connectivity to large numbers of mobile network nodes co-located within a small volume.

Next Century Challenges: RadioActive Networks

by Vanu Bose, Vanu Inc, David Wetherall, John Guttag , 1999
"... A key challenge facing wireless networking is to utilize the spectrum as efficiently as possible given current channel conditions and in the most effective way for each application. This is difficult to achieve with existing wireless devices because physical layer functionality is fixed, while chann ..."
Abstract - Cited by 21 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
A key challenge facing wireless networking is to utilize the spectrum as efficiently as possible given current channel conditions and in the most effective way for each application. This is difficult to achieve with existing wireless devices because physical layer functionality is fixed, while

Abstract Next Century Challenges: Mobile Networking for “Smart Dust”

by J. M. Kahn, R. H. Katz (acm Fellow, K. S. J. Pister
"... Large-scale networks of wireless sensors are becoming an active topic of research. Advances in hardware technology and engineering design have led to dramatic reductions in size, power consumption and cost for digital circuitry, wire-less communications and Micro ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS). Th ..."
Abstract - Add to MetaCart
review the key elements of the emer-gent technology of “Smart Dust ” and outline the research challenges they present to the mobile networking and sys-tems community, which must provide coherent connectivity to large numbers of mobile network nodes co-located within a small volume. 1

Next century challenges: data-centric networking for invisible computing,” The Portolano Project at the University of Washington

by Mike Esler, Jeffrey Hightower, Tom Anderson, Gaetano Borriello - Proceedings of Fifth Annual ACM/IEEE MOBICOM 97 , 1997
"... Computing and telecommunications are maturing, and the next century promises a shift away from technology-driven general-purpose devices. Instead, we will focus on the needs of consumers: easy-to-use, low-maintenance, portable, ubiquitous, and ultra-reliable task-specific devices. Such devices, alth ..."
Abstract - Cited by 132 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
Computing and telecommunications are maturing, and the next century promises a shift away from technology-driven general-purpose devices. Instead, we will focus on the needs of consumers: easy-to-use, low-maintenance, portable, ubiquitous, and ultra-reliable task-specific devices. Such devices

Pervasive Computing: Vision and Challenges

by M. Satyanarayanan - IEEE Personal Communications , 2001
"... This paper discusses the challenges in computer systems research posed by the emerging field of pervasive computing. It first examines the relationship of this new field to its predecessors: distributed systems and mobile computing. It then identifies four new research thrusts: effective use of smar ..."
Abstract - Cited by 670 (20 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper discusses the challenges in computer systems research posed by the emerging field of pervasive computing. It first examines the relationship of this new field to its predecessors: distributed systems and mobile computing. It then identifies four new research thrusts: effective use

Halfa century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review

by Colin M. Macleod - PsychologicalBulletin , 1991
"... The literature on interference in the Stroop Color-Word Task, covering over 50 years and some 400 studies, is organized and reviewed. In so doing, a set ofl 8 reliable empirical findings is isolated that must be captured by any successful theory of the Stroop effect. Existing theoretical positions a ..."
Abstract - Cited by 621 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
? Perhaps the task is seen as tapping into the primitive operations of cognition, offering clues to the fundamental process of attention. Perhaps the robustness of the phenomenon provides a special challenge to decipher. Together these are powerful attractions

The Great Reversals: The Politics of Financial Development in the 20th Century

by Raghuram G. Rajan, Luigi Zingales, Roger Laeven, Galina Ovtcharova, Nahid Rahman, Sofia Ramos, Ruy Ribeiro, Amir Sasson , 2001
"... Indicators of the development of the financial sector do not improve monotonically over time. In particular, we find that by most measures, countries were more financially developed in 1913 than in 1980 and only recently have they surpassed their 1913 levels. This pattern cannot be explained by stru ..."
Abstract - Cited by 527 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
Indicators of the development of the financial sector do not improve monotonically over time. In particular, we find that by most measures, countries were more financially developed in 1913 than in 1980 and only recently have they surpassed their 1913 levels. This pattern cannot be explained by structural theories that attribute cross-country differences in financial development to time-invariant factors, such as a country's legal origin or culture. We propose an "interest group" theory of financial development where incumbents oppose financial development because it breeds competition. The theory predicts that incumbents' opposition will be weaker when an economy allows both cross-border trade and capital flows. This theory can go some way in accounting for the cross-country differences and the time series variation of financial development. When we recognize that different kinds of institutional heritages afford different scope for private interests to express themselves, we obtain a...

A Delay-Tolerant Network Architecture for Challenged Internets

by Kevin Fall , 2003
"... The highly successful architecture and protocols of today’s Internet may operate poorly in environments characterized by very long delay paths and frequent network partitions. These problems are exacerbated by end nodes with limited power or memory resources. Often deployed in mobile and extreme env ..."
Abstract - Cited by 937 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
The highly successful architecture and protocols of today’s Internet may operate poorly in environments characterized by very long delay paths and frequent network partitions. These problems are exacerbated by end nodes with limited power or memory resources. Often deployed in mobile and extreme environments lacking continuous connectivity, many such networks have their own specialized protocols, and do not utilize IP. To achieve interoperability between them, we propose a network architecture and application interface structured around optionally-reliable asynchronous message forwarding, with limited expectations of end-to-end connectivity and node resources. The architecture operates as an overlay above the transport layers of the networks it interconnects, and provides key services such as in-network data storage and retransmission, interoperable naming, authenticated forwarding and a coarse-grained class of service.

Sensor networks: Evolution, opportunities, and challenges

by Chee-yee Chong, Srikanta P. Kumar - PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE , 2003
"... Wireless microsensor networks have been identified as one of the most important technologies for the 21st century. This paper traces the history of research in sensor networks over the past three decades, including two important programs of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) spann ..."
Abstract - Cited by 638 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Wireless microsensor networks have been identified as one of the most important technologies for the 21st century. This paper traces the history of research in sensor networks over the past three decades, including two important programs of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA
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