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A New Kind of Science

by Stephen Wolfram , 2002
"... “Somebody says, ‘You know, you people always say that space is continuous. How do you know when you get to a small enough dimension that there really are enough points in between, that it isn’t just a lot of dots separated by little distances? ’ Or they say, ‘You know those quantum mechanical amplit ..."
Abstract - Cited by 893 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
“Somebody says, ‘You know, you people always say that space is continuous. How do you know when you get to a small enough dimension that there really are enough points in between, that it isn’t just a lot of dots separated by little distances? ’ Or they say, ‘You know those quantum mechanical

Internet Advertising and the Generalized Second Price Auction: Selling Billions of Dollars Worth of Keywords

by Benjamin Edelman, Michael Ostrovsky, Michael Schwarz - AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW , 2007
"... We investigate the “generalized second-price” (GSP) auction, a new mechanism used by search engines to sell online advertising. Although GSP looks similar to the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism, its properties are very different. Unlike the VCG mechanism, GSP generally does not have an equilib ..."
Abstract - Cited by 555 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
We investigate the “generalized second-price” (GSP) auction, a new mechanism used by search engines to sell online advertising. Although GSP looks similar to the Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism, its properties are very different. Unlike the VCG mechanism, GSP generally does not have

The NewReno Modification to TCP’s Fast Recovery Algorithm

by S. Floyd, T. Henderson , 2003
"... RFC 2581 [RFC2581] documents the following four intertwined TCP congestion control algorithms: Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast Retransmit, and Fast Recovery. RFC 2581 [RFC2581] explicitly allows certain modifications of these algorithms, including modifications that use the TCP Selective Ackn ..."
Abstract - Cited by 600 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
Acknowledgement (SACK) option [RFC2018], and modifications that respond to "partial acknowledgments" (ACKs which cover new data, but not all the data outstanding when loss was detected) in the absence of SACK. The NewReno mechanism described in this document describes a specific algorithm for responding

Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: new procedures and recommendations

by Patrick E. Shrout, Niall Bolger - PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS , 2002
"... Mediation is said to occur when a causal effect of some variable X on an outcome Y is explained by some intervening variable M. The authors recommend that with small to moderate samples, bootstrap methods (B. Efron & R. Tibshirani, 1993) be used to assess mediation. Bootstrap tests are powerful ..."
Abstract - Cited by 696 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
size is small or suppression is a possibility. Empirical examples and computer setups for bootstrap analyses are provided. Mediation models of psychological processes are popular because they allow interesting associations to be decomposed into components that reveal possible causal mechanisms

Resource Containers: A New Facility for Resource Management in Server Systems

by Gaurav Banga, Peter Druschel, Jeffrey C. Mogul - In Operating Systems Design and Implementation , 1999
"... General-purpose operating systems provide inadequate support for resource management in large-scale servers. Applications lack sufficient control over scheduling and management of machine resources, which makes it difficult to enforce priority policies, and to provide robust and controlled service. ..."
Abstract - Cited by 498 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
. There is a fundamental mismatch between the original design assumptions underlying the resource management mechanisms of current general-purpose operating systems, and the behavior of modern server applications. In particular, the operating system’s notions of protection domain and resource principal

Random Key Predistribution Schemes for Sensor Networks”,

by Haowen Chan , Adrian Perrig , Dawn Song - IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, , 2003
"... Abstract Efficient key distribution is the basis for providing secure communication, a necessary requirement for many emerging sensor network applications. Many applications require authentic and secret communication among neighboring sensor nodes. However, establishing keys for secure communicatio ..."
Abstract - Cited by 832 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
mechanisms, the q-composite random key predistribution scheme and the multi-path key reinforcement scheme, which substantially increases the security of key setup such that an attacker has to compromise many more nodes to achieve a high probability to compromise communication. Second, we propose a new

Linguistic Complexity: Locality of Syntactic Dependencies

by Edward Gibson - COGNITION , 1998
"... This paper proposes a new theory of the relationship between the sentence processing mechanism and the available computational resources. This theory -- the Syntactic Prediction Locality Theory (SPLT) -- has two components: an integration cost component and a component for the memory cost associa ..."
Abstract - Cited by 504 (31 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper proposes a new theory of the relationship between the sentence processing mechanism and the available computational resources. This theory -- the Syntactic Prediction Locality Theory (SPLT) -- has two components: an integration cost component and a component for the memory cost

TCP and Explicit Congestion Notification

by Sally Floyd - In: ACM Computer Communication Review, V. 24 N , 1994
"... This paper discusses the use of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) mechanisms in the TCP/IP protocol. The first part proposes new guidelines for TCP’s response to ECN mechanisms (e.g., Source Quench packets, ECN fields in packet headers). Next, using simulations, we explore the benefits and draw ..."
Abstract - Cited by 636 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper discusses the use of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) mechanisms in the TCP/IP protocol. The first part proposes new guidelines for TCP’s response to ECN mechanisms (e.g., Source Quench packets, ECN fields in packet headers). Next, using simulations, we explore the benefits

Building a Practically Useful Theory of Goal Setting and Task Motivation -- A 35-Year Odyssey

by Edwin A. Locke, Gary P. Latham , 2002
"... The authors summarize 35 years of empirical research on goal-setting theory. They describe the core findings of the theory, the mechanisms by which goals operate, moderators of goal effects, the relation of goals and satisfaction, and the role of goals as mediators of incentives. The external validi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 501 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
The authors summarize 35 years of empirical research on goal-setting theory. They describe the core findings of the theory, the mechanisms by which goals operate, moderators of goal effects, the relation of goals and satisfaction, and the role of goals as mediators of incentives. The external

Virtual time

by David R. Jefferson - ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems , 1985
"... Virtual time is a new paradigm for organizing and synchronizing distributed systems which can be applied to such problems as distributed discrete event simulation and distributed database concur-rency control. Virtual time provides a flexible abstraction of real time in much the same way that virtua ..."
Abstract - Cited by 980 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
Virtual time is a new paradigm for organizing and synchronizing distributed systems which can be applied to such problems as distributed discrete event simulation and distributed database concur-rency control. Virtual time provides a flexible abstraction of real time in much the same way
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