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Biological Invasion and Scientific Objectivity: Reply to Cassey et

by James H. Brown, Dov, F. Sax - al.” Austral Ecology
"... Abstract We disagree with the assertion that recent human-caused invasions differ substantially from historic natural invasions in their magnitudes and impacts on ecological processes. The position that exotic species are inherently ‘bad ’ and should be eradicated is an ethical judgement, usually ba ..."
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based on the naturalist fallacy or xenophobic prejudice; it is not a scientific judgement. The role of scientists in studying invasive species should be to gather, interpret and communicate information as accurately and objectively as possible.

Sex Revolution and Psychosocial Disorder: A Historical Perspective on the Delusion of Medical Neutrality

by Robert Trundle, Ph. D, Michael Vossmeyer
"... clarifying why medicine is ignored despite unprecedented pathogenic norms of Western society. While these societal norms are well correlated to etiological findings on divorce and extramarital sex, the norms cannot be rooted properly in our psycho-biological nature without committing a ‘naturalistic ..."
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‘naturalistic fallacy’. Accepted axiomatically in the West, the fallacy specifies that what ought to be the case is not inferable from what is the case about our nature. Thus although natural norms implicit in medicine were implied historically by a natural theology shared by major religions, the latter

Business Ethics, Ideology, and the

by Naturalistic Fallacy, Kenneth E. Goodpaster
"... ABSTRACT. This paper addresses the relationship between theoretical and applied ethics. It directs phi-losophical attention toward the concept of 'ideology', conceived as a bridge between high-level principles and decision-making practice. How are we to understand this bridge and how can w ..."
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we avoid the naturalistic fallacy while taking ideology seriously? It is then suggested that the challenge posed by ideol-ogy in the arena of organizational ethics is in many ways similar to the challenge posed by developmentalist ac-counts of moral 'stages ' in the arena of individual

Warrants for prescription: Analytically and empirically based approaches to improving decision making

by Raanan Lipshitz, Marvin S. Cohen - HUMAN FACTORS 47(1), 121-130. , 2005
"... Efforts to improve decision making must appeal to some source of warrant, i.e., specific criteria or models for guiding and evaluating decision making performance. We examine and compare the warrants for two approaches to decision aids, decision training, and consulting: analytically based prescrip ..."
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the naturalistic fallacy (i.e., confusing what is with what ought to be) and without the use of formal deduction from first principles. We describe points of divergence as well as convergence in the types of warrant appealed to by naturalistic decision making and decision analysis, letting each approach shed light

Is Naturalism Normative? The Function of Epistemic Norms Within Naturalized Epistemology∗

by Barbara Trybulec, Barbara Trybulec
"... The topic of the paper is the problem of normativity within naturalized epistemology. The question I pose is whether naturalism can be conducted as a normative enterprise or whether it is merely descriptive as traditional epistemologists maintain. If they are to be faithful to their philosophi-cal p ..."
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between traditional and naturalistic epistemologists is rooted in the difference in the attitudes to the naturalistic fallacy taken by these two sides. Naturalists treat this “fallacy ” as unavoidable, which pro-foundly influences their account of normativity. In my paper, I show that the main problem

TURNING NATURAL

by Pascal Engel, Patricia Churchl, Ronald Giere, David Hull, Philip Kitcher, Helen Longino, Thomas Nickles, Robert Richards, Er Rosenberg, Michael Ruse, Dudley Shapere, Elliott Sober, William Wimsatt, The Biologists, Richard Levins, Richard Lewontin, The Psychologists Donald Campbell, Ryan Tweney, Karin Knorr Cetina
"... In philosophy (and elsewhere) certain words which had a negative connotation during previous periods come to have a positive one during the next. “Naturalism ” is obviously one such word. Early analytic philosophers reacted against XIXth century naturalism, which was accused of dissolving objective ..."
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norms (logical, epistemological, ethical) into facts (biological, psychological, historical, social). Frege and Russell attacked naturalistic psychologism in logic and in the philosophy of mathematics. Moore denounced the “naturalistic fallacy ” in ethics. The positivists were equally dismissive

Communication between Nature and Nurture: a sociological perspective

by Deborah De Felice
"... New developments in biotechnology and their implications for criminal justice have brought the nature vs. nurture debate into poignant relief in recent years. Poorly articulated and for many years biased towards the knowledge traditions of the hard sciences, however, the debate yearns for a basic du ..."
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dualistic reformulation to come up to speed with the contemporary needs of society. Four levels of contention – epistemology, mankind’s place in the scale of life, singularity and the naturalistic fallacy- are traced through a review of the literature and theoretical thinking on this issue as it has

Science, and Ethics

by David Mckenna B. A, Supervisor Dr. E. Simpson , 1982
"... I begin by examining Moore's notion of common sense because it is my contention that his work is not neatly separated; rather, his ethical and non-ethical philosophy have common sense as an underlying theme. For Moore, common sense was not reducible to indubitable, cracker-barrel wisdom; it is ..."
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; it is popularized science, what would be a mat-ter of common sense if we were to take the trouble to learn. Moore's allegiance to science is the cord that connects his ethical and non-ethical work. In Principia Ethica, he attempts to introduce the spirit of scientific investigation into ethics. The 'naturalistic

Электронный журнал «Язык и текст langpsy.ru» 2014, № 3 E-journal «Language and Text langpsy.ru» Communication between Nature and Nurture: a sociological perspective

by Deborah De Felice
"... New developments in biotechnology and their implications for criminal justice have brought the nature vs. nurture debate into poignant relief in recent years. Poorly articulated and for many years biased towards the knowledge traditions of the hard sciences, however, the debate yearns for a basic d ..."
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dualistic reformulation to come up to speed with the contemporary needs of society. Four levels of contention -epistemology, mankind's place in the scale of life, singularity and the naturalistic fallacy -are traced through a review of the literature and theoretical thinking on this issue as it has

The Argument of Ethical Naturalism

by Baertschi Bernard, Bernard Baertschi, Département De Philosophie, Université De Genève
"... Ethical naturalism, the theory claiming that natural facts and especially facts concerning human nature play a justificatory role in ethics, is not very popular amongst moral philosophers. Especially in countries where Kant's influence is large, the charge of naturalistic fallacy is often made ..."
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Ethical naturalism, the theory claiming that natural facts and especially facts concerning human nature play a justificatory role in ethics, is not very popular amongst moral philosophers. Especially in countries where Kant's influence is large, the charge of naturalistic fallacy is often made
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