This paper is also the originator of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods developed in the following chapters. The potential of these two simultaneous innovations has been discovered much latter by statisticians (Hastings 1970; Geman and Geman 1984) than by of physicists (see also Kirkpatrick et al

that is represented as a lattice), as needed to evaluate general circuits. Unfortunately, our initial scheme is not quite bootstrappable – i.e., the depth that the scheme can correctly evaluate can be logarithmic in the lattice dimension, just like the depth of the decryption circuit, but the latter is greater than

in one domain of interest, but we only have sufficient training data in another domain of interest, where the latter data may be in a different feature space or follow a different data distribution. In such cases, knowledge transfer, if done successfully, would greatly improve the performance of learning

for this logic programming language must address the problem of splitting contexts; that is, when attempting to prove a multiplicative conjunction (tensor), say G1 ⊗ G2, fromthe context ∆, the latter must be split into disjoint contexts ∆1 and ∆2 for which G1 follows from ∆1 and G2 follows from ∆2. Since

As the Indonesian economy went into a downward spiral in the latter half of 1997, there was much speculation and debate as to the reasons behind the sudden decline. Most explanations gave at least some role to investor panic, which had led to a massive outflow of foreign capital. At the root

-negativity constraint (in astronomy) are considered, with emphasis on the latter. It is shown that both the error-reduction algo-rithm for the problem of a single intensity measurement and the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm for the prob-lem of two intensity measurements converge. The error-reduction algorithm is also shown

The Lasso is an attractive technique for regularization and variable selection for high-dimensional data, where the number of predictor variables pn is potentially much larger than the number of samples n. However, it was recently discovered that the sparsity pattern of the Lasso estimator can only

policy, while the latter is more important; higher-level strategic issues are still more important, but have not been given much attention. Most theoretical analyses and empirical allocator evaluations to date have relied on very strong assumptions of randomness and independence, but real program

norms. Experimental results show that the new method has much improved global convergence behaviour than the primal Newton's method. 1. Introduction. During some phases of the manipulation of an image some random noise and blurring is usually introduced. The presence of this noise and blurring

in Europe was made by the cooperation between CEC and CCEE to organize the European Ecumenical Assemblies and to elaborate the document entitled Charta Oecumenica. The ecumenical dialogue is practically based on the phenomenon of the concentric circles. What is important is in fact how much the parts have