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21,675
Normalization for cDNA microarray data: a robust composite method addressing single and multiple slide systematic variation
, 2002
"... There are many sources of systematic variation in cDNA microarray experiments which affect the measured gene expression levels (e.g. differences in labeling efficiency between the two fluorescent dyes). The term normalization refers to the process of removing such variation. A constant adjustment is ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 718 (9 self)
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There are many sources of systematic variation in cDNA microarray experiments which affect the measured gene expression levels (e.g. differences in labeling efficiency between the two fluorescent dyes). The term normalization refers to the process of removing such variation. A constant adjustment
Accurate Methods for the Statistics of Surprise and Coincidence
- COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS
, 1993
"... Much work has been done on the statistical analysis of text. In some cases reported in the literature, inappropriate statistical methods have been used, and statistical significance of results have not been addressed. In particular, asymptotic normality assumptions have often been used unjustifiably ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 1057 (1 self)
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small samples. These tests can be implemented efficiently, and have been used for the detection of composite terms and for the determination of domain-specific terms. In some cases, these measures perform much better than the methods previously used. In cases where traditional contingency table methods
Diagnosing multiple faults.
- Artificial Intelligence,
, 1987
"... Abstract Diagnostic tasks require determining the differences between a model of an artifact and the artifact itself. The differences between the manifested behavior of the artifact and the predicted behavior of the model guide the search for the differences between the artifact and its model. The ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 808 (62 self)
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. The diagnostic procedure presented in this paper is model-based, inferring the behavior of the composite device from knowledge of the structure and function of the individual components comprising the device. The system (GDE -General Diagnostic Engine) has been implemented and tested on many examples
Wide-area Internet traffic patterns and characteristics
- IEEE NETWORK
, 1997
"... The Internet is rapidly growing in number of users, traffic levels, and topological complexity. At the same time it is increasingly driven by economic competition. These developments render the characterization of network usage and workloads more difficult, and yet more critical. Few recent studies ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 518 (0 self)
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within the NSF-sponsored vBNS. This paper presents observations on the patterns and characteristics of wide-area Internet traffic, as recorded by MCIâs OC-3 traffic monitors. We report on measurements from two OC-3 trunks in MCIâs commercial Internet backbone over two time ranges (24-hour and 7-day
Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core,
- Antarctica. Nature
, 1999
"... Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles. The succession of changes through each climate cycle and termination was similar, and atmospheric and climate properties oscillated between stable bounds. Inte ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 716 (15 self)
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Antarctica has allowed the extension of the ice record of atmospheric composition and climate to the past four glacial-interglacial cycles. The succession of changes through each climate cycle and termination was similar, and atmospheric and climate properties oscillated between stable bounds
Fast and reliable prediction of noncoding RNAs
- Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
"... We report an efficient method to detect functional RNAs. The approach, which combines comparative sequence analysis and structure prediction, yields excellent results already for a small number of aligned sequences and is suitable for large scale-genomic screens. It consists of two basic components: ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 335 (45 self)
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: (1) a novel measure for RNA secondary structure conservation based on computing a consensus secondary structure, and (2) a measure for thermodynamic stability, which — in the spirit of a z-score — is normalized w.r.t. both sequence length and base composition but can be calculated without sampling
Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust: A global view
- CONTRERAS‐REYES ET AL.: TONGA SUBDUCTION ZONE B10103B10103 16 of 18
, 1995
"... Abstract. Seismic techniques provide the highest-resolution measurements of the structure of the crust and have been conducted on a worldwide basis. We summarize the structure of the continental crust based on the results of seismic refraction profiles and infer crustal composi-tion as a function of ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 260 (2 self)
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Abstract. Seismic techniques provide the highest-resolution measurements of the structure of the crust and have been conducted on a worldwide basis. We summarize the structure of the continental crust based on the results of seismic refraction profiles and infer crustal composi-tion as a function
Not All Oil Price Shocks Are Alike: Disentangling Demand and Supply Shocks in the Crude Oil Market,” mimeo
- Department of Economics, University of Michigan
"... Abstract: Using a newly developed measure of global real economic activity, a structural decomposition of the real price of crude oil into three components is proposed: crude oil supply shocks; shocks to the global demand for all industrial commodities; and demand shocks that are specific to the cr ..."
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Cited by 259 (39 self)
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Abstract: Using a newly developed measure of global real economic activity, a structural decomposition of the real price of crude oil into three components is proposed: crude oil supply shocks; shocks to the global demand for all industrial commodities; and demand shocks that are specific
Measuring the Cyclicality of Real Wages: How Important Is Composition Bias?" NBER Working Paper No
"... In the period since the 1960s, as in other periods, aggregate time series on real wages have displayed only modest cyclicality. Macroeconomists therefore have described weak cyclicality of real wages as a salient feature of the business cycle. Contrary to this conventional wisdom, our analysis of lo ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 201 (3 self)
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of longitudinal microdata indicates that real wages have been substantially procyclical since the 1960s. We show that the true procyclicality of real wages is obscured in aggregate time series because of a composition bias: the aggregate statistics are constructed in a way that gives more weight to low
Consumption and portfolio choice over the life cycle
, 2001
"... This paper solves a realistically calibrated life-cycle model of consumption and portfolio choice with uninsurable labor income risk and borrowing constraints. Since labor income substitutes for riskless asset holdings the optimal share invested in equities is roughly decreasing over life. We comput ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 242 (21 self)
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compute a measure of the importance of non-tradable human capital for investment behavior to find that ignoring labor income generates large utility costs, while the cost of ignoring only its risk is an order of magnitude smaller. We also quantify the utility cost associated with typical heuristics
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