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An introduction to variational methods for graphical models

by Michael I. Jordan, Zoubin Ghahramani , et al. - TO APPEAR: M. I. JORDAN, (ED.), LEARNING IN GRAPHICAL MODELS
"... ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1112 (70 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract not found

The ubiquitous B-tree

by Douglas Comer - ACM Computing Surveys , 1979
"... B-trees have become, de facto, a standard for file organization. File indexes of users, dedicated database systems, and general-purpose access methods have all been proposed and nnplemented using B-trees This paper reviews B-trees and shows why they have been so successful It discusses the major var ..."
Abstract - Cited by 653 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
B-trees have become, de facto, a standard for file organization. File indexes of users, dedicated database systems, and general-purpose access methods have all been proposed and nnplemented using B-trees This paper reviews B-trees and shows why they have been so successful It discusses the major

Graphical models, exponential families, and variational inference

by Martin J. Wainwright, Michael I. Jordan , 2008
"... The formalism of probabilistic graphical models provides a unifying framework for capturing complex dependencies among random variables, and building large-scale multivariate statistical models. Graphical models have become a focus of research in many statistical, computational and mathematical fiel ..."
Abstract - Cited by 800 (26 self) - Add to MetaCart
of probability distributions — are best studied in the general setting. Working with exponential family representations, and exploiting the conjugate duality between the cumulant function and the entropy for exponential families, we develop general variational representations of the problems of computing

Normalization for cDNA microarray data: a robust composite method addressing single and multiple slide systematic variation

by Yee Hwa Yang, Sandrine Dudoit, Percy Luu, Vivian Peng , 2002
"... There are many sources of systematic variation in cDNA microarray experiments which affect the measured gene expression levels (e.g. differences in labeling efficiency between the two fluorescent dyes). The term normalization refers to the process of removing such variation. A constant adjustment is ..."
Abstract - Cited by 699 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
There are many sources of systematic variation in cDNA microarray experiments which affect the measured gene expression levels (e.g. differences in labeling efficiency between the two fluorescent dyes). The term normalization refers to the process of removing such variation. A constant adjustment

Convex Analysis

by R. Tyrrell Rockafellar , 1970
"... In this book we aim to present, in a unified framework, a broad spectrum of mathematical theory that has grown in connection with the study of problems of optimization, equilibrium, control, and stability of linear and nonlinear systems. The title Variational Analysis reflects this breadth. For a lo ..."
Abstract - Cited by 5350 (67 self) - Add to MetaCart
long time, ‘variational ’ problems have been identified mostly with the ‘calculus of variations’. In that venerable subject, built around the minimization of integral functionals, constraints were relatively simple and much of the focus was on infinite-dimensional function spaces. A major theme

Why Do Some Countries Produce So Much More Output Per Worker Than Others?

by Robert E. Hall, Charles I. Jones , 1998
"... Output per worker varies enormously across countries. Why? On an accounting basis, our analysis shows that differences in physical capital and educational attainment can only partially explain the variation in output per worker — we find a large amount of variation in the level of the Solow residual ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2363 (22 self) - Add to MetaCart
Output per worker varies enormously across countries. Why? On an accounting basis, our analysis shows that differences in physical capital and educational attainment can only partially explain the variation in output per worker — we find a large amount of variation in the level of the Solow

Alternative isoform regulation in human tissue transcriptomes

by Eric T. Wang, Rickard S, Shujun Luo, Irina Khrebtukova, Lu Zhang, Christine Mayr, Stephen F. Kingsmore, Gary P. Schroth, Christopher B. Burge - Nature , 2008
"... Through alternative processing of pre-mRNAs, individual mammalian genes often produce multiple mRNA and protein isoforms that may have related, distinct or even opposing functions. Here we report an in-depth analysis of 15 diverse human tissue and cell line transcriptomes based on deep sequencing of ..."
Abstract - Cited by 525 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
-specific read densities indicated that a majority of AS and of alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) events vary between tissues, while variation between individuals was ∼2- to 3-fold less common. Extreme or ‘switch-like ’ regulation of splicing between tissues was associated with increased sequence

By Force of Habit: A Consumption-Based Explanation of Aggregate Stock Market Behavior

by John Y. Campbell, John H. Cochrane , 1999
"... We present a consumption-based model that explains a wide variety of dynamic asset pricing phenomena, including the procyclical variation of stock prices, the long-horizon predictability of excess stock returns, and the countercyclical variation of stock market volatility. The model captures much of ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1427 (68 self) - Add to MetaCart
We present a consumption-based model that explains a wide variety of dynamic asset pricing phenomena, including the procyclical variation of stock prices, the long-horizon predictability of excess stock returns, and the countercyclical variation of stock market volatility. The model captures much

Region Competition: Unifying Snakes, Region Growing, and Bayes/MDL for Multi-band Image Segmentation

by Song Chun Zhu, Alan Yuille - IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence , 1996
"... We present a novel statistical and variational approach to image segmentation based on a new algorithm named region competition. This algorithm is derived by minimizing a generalized Bayes/MDL criterion using the variational principle. The algorithm is guaranteed to converge to a local minimum and c ..."
Abstract - Cited by 778 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
We present a novel statistical and variational approach to image segmentation based on a new algorithm named region competition. This algorithm is derived by minimizing a generalized Bayes/MDL criterion using the variational principle. The algorithm is guaranteed to converge to a local minimum

Effects with Random Assignment: Results for Dartmouth Roommates

by Bruce Sacerdote , 2001
"... This paper uses a unique data set to measure peer effects among college roommates. Freshman year roommates and dormmates are randomly assigned at Dartmouth College. I find that peers have an impact on grade point average and on decisions to join social groups such as fraternities. Residential peer e ..."
Abstract - Cited by 523 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
effects are markedly absent in other major life decisions such as choice of college major. Peer effects in GPA occur at the individual room level, whereas peer effects in fraternity membership occur both at the room level and the entire dorm level. Overall, the data provide strong evidence
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