Statutes, rules and enforcement actions are tea leaves we can read to predict future trends of mutual fund regulation. While statutes and rules are specific, the trends they signify are far more speculative. This Essay engages in such speculation to envision the long-term implications of the recent

ABSTRACT. Local industrial clusters have attracted much attention in recent eco-nomic and geographic literature. The focus has been on identifying the conditions for the emergence of such clusters. Here the long-term implications of local indus-trial clusters are studied. To this end, we examine

with their paternal grandparents, stepmother, and stepsiblings were distant, negative, or non-existent. Whether family relationships remain stable, improve, or get worse is de-pendent on a complex interweaving of many factors. Considering the long-term implications of divorce, the need to emphasize life course

Market efficiency survives the challenge from the literature on long-term return anomalies. Consistent with the market efficiency hypothesis that the anomalies are chance results, apparent overreaction to information is about as common as underreaction, and post-event continuation of pre

such a historical and demographic approach, providing an agenda for research on the processes of population change. The proposed model suggests that patterns of residence by ethnicity must be understood in relation to both natural growth of immigrant-origin populations in inner urban settlement areas and simultaneous migration away to other areas. The extent of social stratifi cation over time and across generations is a key secondary

China has been an overachiever in the global process of demographic transition in the second half of the twentieth century. Its mortality decline was unparalleled in human history among populations of significant size, consequently setting the stage for rapid population growth. In turn, rapid population growth laid the foundation for an unprecedented state intervention in birth control. China’s fertility decline in the closing decades of the twentieth century was perhaps even more extraordinary for its speed and especially for the measures taken and the authorities involved. With China’s fertility now well below replacement level, what lies ahead for this demographic overachiever? In this chapter I examine three issues related to China’s demographic transition. First, I briefly review the demographic transition in China. Second, I discuss the role of the Chinese state, a particularly salient aspect of the demographic transition and one that has attracted much attention and caused a good deal of confusion. Third, using population projections, I highlight a few important features of China’s demographic future, deriving

Abstract. The restricted access of the Israeli labor market to Palestinian workers is a major negative shock for the Palestinian economy, and naturally raises the questions of whether an alternative strategy to exporting labor is feasible and presents at least similar growth opportunities. In this paper, we develop a dynamic general equilibrium model to assess the impact of restricted access to the

Abstract: This study explores the relationship between experiences of bullying at school, adult mental health status, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress among a sample of 119 UK residents who identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. Participants completed a series of questionnaires that focused upon school experiences, suicide ideation at school, sexual history, relationship status and negative affect, recent positive and negative life-events, internalized homophobia, and symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress. The results suggested that posttraumatic stress was a potential issue for 17 % of participants who also scored significantly higher for depression, and reported having had more casual sexual partners than their peers. However, those who were found to exhibit symptoms of post-traumatic stress were also more accepting of their sexual orientation. Asmall number of participants used prescription or nonprescription drugs, or alcohol to help them cope with memories of bullying. It is suggested that posttraumatic stress may be a feature of the adult lives of men and women who experienced frequent and prolonged bullying at school as a result of their actual or perceived sexual orientation.

called "Long Short Term Memory" (LSTM). LSTM can learn to bridge minimal time lags in excess of 1000 time steps by enforcing constant error flow through internal states of special units. Multiplicative gate units learn to open and close access to constant error flow. LSTM's update

Summary.-The term apoptosis is proposed for a hitherto little recognized mechanism of controlled cell deletion, which appears to play a complementary but opposite role to mitosis in the regulation of animal cell populations. Its morphological features suggest that it is an active, inherently