, that supports region-based memory management and enjoys a provably safe type system. Unlike previous region-based type systems, region lifetimes need not be lexically scoped and yet the language may be checked for safety without complex analyses. Therefore, our type system may be deployed in settings

that the scopings predicted by the conjecture are the only ones that are available to human language understanders. We show how to incorporate this conjecture into a theory of quantifier scope, by couching it in a unification-based Combinatory Categorial Grammar framework and implementing it in SICStus Prolog

expressions not only ensure that a well-typed generator produces well-typed and well-scoped code, but also express the lexical scopes of generated binders and prevent mixing up variables with different scopes. This precise notion of lexical scope subsumes the complaints about intuitively wrong example

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, including closures, are stored in regions. Region lifetimes coincide with lexical scope, thus forming a runtime stack of regions and eliminating the need for garbage collection. We relax the requirement that region lifetimes be lexical. Rather, regions are allocated late and deallocated as early as possible

Obliq is lexically-scoped, untyped, interpreted language that supports distributed object-oriented computation. Obliq objects have state and are local to a site. Obliq computations can roam over the network, while maintaining network connections. Distributed lexical scoping is the key mechanism

programming language improves on Lisp with macros that respect lexical scope. The design of Racket—a descendant of Scheme—goes even further with the introduction of a full-fledged interface to the static semantics of the language. A Racket extension programmer can thus add constructs

-rithm runs in linear instead of quadratic time, copies few constants, does not assume that syntactic keywords (e.g. if) are reserved words, and allows local (scoped) macros to refer to lexical variables in a referentially transparent manner. Syntactic closures have been advanced as an alternative to hygienic

is embedded in Repo, an interpreted, lexically-scoped, distributed programming language, allowing entire applications to be rapidly prototyped. We discuss Repo-3D’s design, and introduce the notion of local variations to the graphical objects, which allow local changes to be applied to shared graphical

This paper introduces a language feature, called implicit parameters, that provides dynamically scoped variables within a statically-typed Hindley-Milner framework. Implicit parameters are lexically distinct from regular identifiers, and are bound by a special with construct whose scope is dynamic