Since the beginning of the century, feedback interventions (FIs) produced negative—but largely ignored—effects on performance. A meta-analysis (607 effect sizes; 23,663 observations) suggests that FIs improved performance on average (d =.41) but that over '/3 of the FIs decreased perfor

this by examining histone methylation in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells across 56 large HCNE-rich loci. We identified a specific modification pattern, termed ‘‘bivalent domains,’ ’ consisting of large regions of H3 lysine 27 methylation harboring smaller regions of H3 lysine 4 methylation. Bivalent domains tend

-of-subfunction, the probability of duplicate-gene preservation can be appreciable if the long-term effective population size is on the order of 10 5 or smaller, especially if there are more than two independently mutable subfunctions per locus. Even a moderate incidence of partial loss-of-function mutations greatly elevates

Haplotypes have gained increasing attention in the mapping of complex-disease genes, because of the abundance of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the limited power of conventional single-locus analyses. It has been shown that haplotype-inference methods such as Clark’s algorithm

studies is difficult because recombinations are rarely Linkage mapping generally localizes disease genes observed even within the large pedigrees that would to 1-to 2-cM regions of chromosomes. In theory, fur-be required for finer mapping of these loci (Boehnke, ther refinement of location can

Efficient identification of rare variants in large

Efficient identification of rare variants in large

Efficient identification of rare variants in large

Efficient identification of rare variants in large

and ending when they transition back to the inactive state. We show that these transitions are intrinsically random and not due to global, extrinsic factors such as the levels of transcriptional activators. Moreover, the gene activation causes burst-like expression of all genes within a wider genomic locus