Abstract. We construct a generic quantum Markov semigroup with instan-taneous states exploiting the invariance of the diagonal algebra and the ex-plicit form of the action of the pre-generator on off-diagonal matrix elements. Our semigroup acts on a unital C∗-algebra and is strongly continuous

An unknown quantum state jOEi can be disassembled into, then later reconstructed from, purely classical information and purely nonclassical EPR correlations. To do so the sender, "Alice," and the receiver, "Bob," must prearrange the sharing of an EPRcorrelated pair of particles

given synapse depends not only on instantaneous pre- and postsynaptic activities but also on a slowly varying time-averaged value of the postsynaptic activity. Assuming an appropriate nonlinear form for this dependence, development of selectivity is obtained under quite general conditions on the sensory

phenomena including period doubling bifurcation and chaos. Our control method is realized by instantaneous opening of inductor at a zero-crossing moment of an objective UPO and can stabilize the UPO instantaneously as far as the UPO crosses zero in principle. Typical system operations can be confirmed

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most frequent cause of cardioembolic stroke, is increasing in prev-alence as the population ages, and presents with a broad spectrum of symptoms and sever-ity. The early identification of AF is an essential part for preventing the possibility of blood clotting and stroke. In this work, a real-time algorithm is proposed for accurately screening AF episodes in electrocardiograms. This method adopts heart rate sequence, and it involves the application of symbolic dynamics and Shannon entropy. Using novel recursive algorithms, a low-computational complexity can be obtained. Four publicly-accessible sets of clinical data (Long-Term AF, MIT-BIH AF, MIT-BIH Arrhythmia, and MIT-BIH Normal Sinus Rhythm Databases) were used for assessment. The first database was selected as a training set; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed, and the best performance was achieved at the threshold of 0.639: the sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV) and overall accuracy (ACC) were 96.14%, 95.73%, 97.03% and 95.97%, respectively. The other three databases were used for independent testing. Using the obtained decision-making threshold (i.e., 0.639), for the second set, the obtained parameters were 97.37%, 98.44%, 97.89 % and 97.99%, respectively; for the third data-base, these parameters were 97.83%, 87.41%, 47.67 % and 88.51%, respectively; the Sp was 99.68 % for the fourth set. The latest methods were also employed for comparison. Col-lectively, results presented in this study indicate that the combination of symbolic dynamics and Shannon entropy yields a potent AF detector, and suggest this method could be of practical use in both clinical and out-of-clinical settings.

Experimentally observed violations of Bell inequalities rule out local realistic theories. Consequently, the quantum state vector becomes a strong candidate for providing an objective picture of reality. However, such an ontological view of quantum theory faces difficulties when spacelike

, that avoids the problems for the versions considered by Arntzenius. In addition, this theory points the way to a more philosophically perspicuous account of the internal structure of time. 1 The Problem of Instantaneous States The concept of the instantaneous state of a physical system has been a source

at time t, ut the control action taken, rt the instantaneous reward obtained and xt+1 the successor state of the system, and by determining the control policy from this Q-function. The Q-function approximation may be obtained from the limit of a sequence of (batch mode) supervised learning problems

near-zero-power idle state in response to instantaneous load. Rather than requiring fine-grained power-performance states and complex load-proportional operation from each system com-ponent, PowerNap instead calls for minimizing idle power and transition time, which are simpler optimization goals

Abstract. We present a practical attack on the Panama hash function that generates a collision in 2 6 evaluations of the state updating function. Our attack improves that of Rijmen and coworkers that had a complexity 2 82, too high to produce a collision in practice. This improvement comes mainly