Two experiments explore whether synchrony between peak circadian arousal periods and time of testing influences inhibitory efficiency for younger and older adults. Experiment 1 assesses inhibitory control over no-longer-relevant thoughts, and Experiment 2 assesses control over unwanted but strong

and where during language production inhibitory control is applied. The current study investigates these issues by experimentally manipulating demand on inhibitory control using a picture word interference task during a language switching paradigm. Switching costs were not exacerbated when inhibitory

From the perspective of the Hasher, Zacks, and May (1999) inhibitory frame-work, optimal performance occurs only when there is control over nonrele-vant information. Relative to a current, goal-directed task, there are at least two potential sources of nonrelevant information that need

GABAergic inhibition via local interneurons may play a role in enhancing spike timing precision in principal cells, since it tends to eliminate the influence of initial conditions. However, both the number and the timing of inhibitory synaptic events may be variable across repeated trials. How does

Evidence from developmental, lesion, and neuroimaging studies indicates that the prefrontal cortex plays a major role in executive abilities, including inhibitory control. Proficient executive performance, however, relies not only on the integrity of the prefrontal cortex but also on its

Intelligent agents are often faced with the need to choose actions with uncertain consequences, and to modify those actions according to ongoing sensory processing and changing task demands. The requisite ability to dynamically modify or cancel planned actions is known as inhibitory control

Evidence from developmental, lesion, and neuroimaging studies indicates that the prefrontal cortex plays a major role in executive abilities, including inhibitory control. Proficient executive performance, however, relies not only on the integrity of the prefrontal cortex but also on its

a b s t r a c t Inhibitory control mechanisms are important in a range of behaviours to prevent execution of motor acts which, having been planned, are no longer necessary or appropriate. Examples of this can be seen in a range of sports, such as cricket and baseball, where the choice between

are oversensitive to semantic context) from the inhibitory account (i.e., guessers tend to react prematurely to (false) candidate words that are activated in the lexicon). To disentangle the above accounts, guessers and normal readers were presented with a sentential priming task (SPT). In the SPT, subjects had

Health to the second and third authors. We gratefully acknowledge the Early Steps and the Child and Family Center staff for their assistance, and all the families who participated in this project. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Kristin L. Moilanen,