Results 1 - 10 of 24,662

Maximizing the Spread of Influence Through a Social Network

by David Kempe - In KDD , 2003
"... Models for the processes by which ideas and influence propagate through a social network have been studied in a number of domains, including the diffusion of medical and technological innovations, the sudden and widespread adoption of various strategies in game-theoretic settings, and the effects of ..."
Abstract - Cited by 990 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
for reasoning about the performance guarantees of algorithms for these types of influence problems in social networks. We also provide computational experiments on large collaboration networks, showing that in addition to their provable guarantees, our approximation algorithms significantly out

A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology

by Douglas P. Crowne, David Marlowe - Journal of Consulting Psychology , 1960
"... It has long been recognized that personality test scores are influenced by non-test-relevant response determinants. Wiggins and Rumrill (1959) distinguish three approaches to this problem. Briefly, interest in the problem of response distortion has been concerned with attempts at statistical correct ..."
Abstract - Cited by 695 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
It has long been recognized that personality test scores are influenced by non-test-relevant response determinants. Wiggins and Rumrill (1959) distinguish three approaches to this problem. Briefly, interest in the problem of response distortion has been concerned with attempts at statistical

The struggle to govern the commons

by Thomas Dietz, Elinor Ostrom, Paul C. Stern - Science , 2003
"... Human institutions—ways of organizing activities—affect the resilience of the environ-ment. Locally evolved institutional arrangements governed by stable communities and buffered from outside forces have sustained resources successfully for centuries, al-though they often fail when rapid change occu ..."
Abstract - Cited by 661 (17 self) - Add to MetaCart
occurs. Ideal conditions for governance are increasingly rare. Critical problems, such as transboundary pollution, tropical deforesta-tion, and climate change, are at larger scales and involve nonlocal influences. Promising strategies for addressing these problems include dialogue among interested

Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure

by Michael C. Jensen, William H. Meckling , 1976
"... This paper integrates elements from the theory of agency, the theory of property rights and the theory of finance to develop a theory of the ownership structure of the firm. We define the concept of agency costs, show its relationship to the ‘separation and control’ issue, investigate the nature of ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3043 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
of the agency costs generated by the existence of debt and outside equity, demonstrate who bears costs and why, and investigate the Pareto optimality of their existence. We also provide a new definition of the firm, and show how our analysis of the factors influencing the creation and issuance of debt

Snakes: Active contour models

by Michael Kass, Andrew Witkin, Demetri Terzopoulos - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION , 1988
"... A snake is an energy-minimizing spline guided by external constraint forces and influenced by image forces that pull it toward features such as lines and edges. Snakes are active contour models: they lock onto nearby edges, localizing them accurately. Scale-space continuation can be used to enlarge ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3951 (17 self) - Add to MetaCart
A snake is an energy-minimizing spline guided by external constraint forces and influenced by image forces that pull it toward features such as lines and edges. Snakes are active contour models: they lock onto nearby edges, localizing them accurately. Scale-space continuation can be used to enlarge

Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation.

by Lyn Y Abramson , Martin E P Seligman , John D Teasdale - Journal of Abnormal Psychology, , 1978
"... The learned helplessness hypothesis is criticized and reformulated. The old hypothesis, when applied to learned helplessness in humans, has two major problems: (a) It does not distinguish between cases in which outcomes are uncontrollable for all people and cases in which they are uncontrollable on ..."
Abstract - Cited by 582 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
The learned helplessness hypothesis is criticized and reformulated. The old hypothesis, when applied to learned helplessness in humans, has two major problems: (a) It does not distinguish between cases in which outcomes are uncontrollable for all people and cases in which they are uncontrollable

Centrality in social networks conceptual clarification

by Linton C. Freeman - Social Networks , 1978
"... The intuitive background for measures of structural centrality in social networks is reviewed aPzd existing measures are evaluated in terms of their consistency with intuitions and their interpretability. Three distinct intuitive conceptions of centrality are uncovered and existing measures are refi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1083 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
of small groups is examined. The problem of centrality The idea of centrality as applied to human communication was introduced by Bavelas in 1948. He was specifically concerned with communication in small groups and he hypothesized a relationship between structural centrality and influence in group

A Survey of Image Registration Techniques

by Lisa Gottesfeld Brown - ACM Computing Surveys , 1992
"... Registration is a fundamental task in image processing used to match two or more pictures taken, for example, at different times, from different sensors or from different viewpoints. Over the years, a broad range of techniques have been developed for the various types of data and problems. These ..."
Abstract - Cited by 979 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
Registration is a fundamental task in image processing used to match two or more pictures taken, for example, at different times, from different sensors or from different viewpoints. Over the years, a broad range of techniques have been developed for the various types of data and problems

The lexical nature of syntactic ambiguity resolution

by Maryellen C Macdonald, Neal J Pearlmutter, Mark S Seidenberg - Psychological Review , 1994
"... Ambiguity resolution is a central problem in language comprehension. Lexical and syntactic ambiguities are standardly assumed to involve different types of knowledge representations and be resolved by different mechanisms. An alternative account is provided in which both types of ambiguity derive fr ..."
Abstract - Cited by 557 (24 self) - Add to MetaCart
for a theory of language compre- third section we consider processing issues: how information is hension is to explain how the reader or listener copes with a processed within the mental lexicon and how contextual inforpervasive ambiguity problem. Languages are structured at mation can influence

Real-Time Obstacle Avoidance for Manipulators and Mobile Robots

by Oussama Khatib - INT. JOUR OF ROBOTIC RESEARCH , 1986
"... This paper presents a unique real-time obstacle avoidance approach for manipulators and mobile robots based on the artificial potential field concept. Collision avoidance, tradi-tionally considered a high level planning problem, can be effectively distributed between different levels of control, al- ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1345 (28 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper presents a unique real-time obstacle avoidance approach for manipulators and mobile robots based on the artificial potential field concept. Collision avoidance, tradi-tionally considered a high level planning problem, can be effectively distributed between different levels of control, al
Results 1 - 10 of 24,662