intrusions involving sendmail and lpr. This work is part of a research program aimed at building computer security systems that incorporate the mechanisms and algorithms used by natural immune systems. 1 Introduction We are interested in developing computer security methods that are based on the way natural

An articial immune system (ARTIS) is described which incorporates many properties of natural immune systems, including diversity, distributed computation, error tolerance, dynamic learning and adaptation and self-monitoring. ARTIS is a general framework for a distributed adaptive system

We describe an artificial immune system (AIS) that is distributed, robust, dynamic, diverse and adaptive. It captures many features of the vertebrate immune system and places them in the context of the problem of protecting a network of computers from illegal intrusions.

for program analysis and transformation. We also describe a whole-program merger based on structural type equality, allowing a complete project to be viewed as a single compilation unit. As a representative application of CIL, we show a transformation aimed at making code immune to stack-smashing attacks. We

Natural immune systems provide a rich source of inspiration for computer security in the age of the Internet. Immune systems have many features that are desirable for the imperfect, uncontrolled, and open environments in which most computers currently exist. These include distributability

The biological immune system is a robust, complex, adaptive system that defends the body from foreign pathogens. It is able to categorize all cells (or molecules) within the body as self-cells or non-self cells. It does this with the help of a distributed task force that has the intelligence

Immune systems of live forms have been an abundant source of inspiration to contemporary computer scientists. Problem solving strategies, stemming from known immune system phenomena, have been successfully applied to challenging problems of modern computing. However, research in artificial immune

written is high, and accelerating. Second, the trend towards increasing interconnectivity and interoperability among computers will enable computer viruses and worms to spread much more rapidly than they do today. To address these problems, we have designed an immune system for computers and computer

Pleuronectiformes) from several estuarine

Many people are exposed to more information than they can process eectively. We describe an approach to building an information immune system that eliminates undesirable information before it reaches the user. This approach