Results 1 - 10 of 190,745

Effects with Random Assignment: Results for Dartmouth Roommates

by Bruce Sacerdote , 2001
"... This paper uses a unique data set to measure peer effects among college roommates. Freshman year roommates and dormmates are randomly assigned at Dartmouth College. I find that peers have an impact on grade point average and on decisions to join social groups such as fraternities. Residential peer e ..."
Abstract - Cited by 554 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper uses a unique data set to measure peer effects among college roommates. Freshman year roommates and dormmates are randomly assigned at Dartmouth College. I find that peers have an impact on grade point average and on decisions to join social groups such as fraternities. Residential peer

Collaborative plans for complex group action

by Barbara J. Grosz , Sarit Kraus , 1996
"... The original formulation of SharedPlans by B. Grosz and C. Sidner ( 1990) was developed to provide a model of collaborative planning in which it was not necessary for one agent to have intentions-to toward an act of a different agent. Unlike other contemporaneous approaches (J.R. Searle, 1990), this ..."
Abstract - Cited by 543 (30 self) - Add to MetaCart
agent has only partial knowledge; this reformulation meshes with the definition of SharedPlans. The new definitions also allow for contracting out certain actions. The formalization that results has the features required by Bratrnan’s ( 1992) account of shared cooperative activity and is more general

Secure Group Communications Using Key Graphs

by Chung Kei Wong, Mohamed Gouda , Simon S. Lam - SIGCOMM '98 , 1998
"... Many emerging applications (e.g., teleconference, real-time information services, pay per view, distributed interactive simulation, and collaborative work) are based upon a group communications model, i.e., they require packet delivery from one or more authorized senders to a very large number of au ..."
Abstract - Cited by 556 (17 self) - Add to MetaCart
of authorized receivers. As a result, securing group communications (i.e., providing confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of messages delivered between group members) will become a critical networking issue. In this paper, we present a novel solution to the scalability problem of group/multicast key

The process group approach to reliable distributed computing

by Kenneth P. Birman - Communications of the ACM , 1993
"... The difficulty of developing reliable distributed softwme is an impediment to applying distributed computing technology in many settings. Expeti _ with the Isis system suggests that a structured approach based on virtually synchronous _ groups yields systems that are substantially easier to develop, ..."
Abstract - Cited by 572 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
The difficulty of developing reliable distributed softwme is an impediment to applying distributed computing technology in many settings. Expeti _ with the Isis system suggests that a structured approach based on virtually synchronous _ groups yields systems that are substantially easier to develop

Coordination of Groups of Mobile Autonomous Agents Using Nearest Neighbor Rules

by A. Jadbabaie, J. Lin, A. S. Morse , 2002
"... In a recent Physical Review Letters paper, Vicsek et. al. propose a simple but compelling discrete-time model of n autonomous agents fi.e., points or particlesg all moving in the plane with the same speed but with dierent headings. Each agent's heading is updated using a local rule based on ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1290 (62 self) - Add to MetaCart
on the average of its own heading plus the headings of its \neighbors." In their paper, Vicsek et. al. provide simulation results which demonstrate that the nearest neighbor rule they are studying can cause all agents to eventually move in the same direction despite the absence of centralized

Panel Cointegration; Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties of Pooled Time Series Tests, With an Application to the PPP Hypothesis; New Results. Working paper

by Peter Pedroni , 1997
"... We examine properties of residual-based tests for the null of no cointegration for dynamic panels in which both the short-run dynamics and the long-run slope coefficients are permitted to be heterogeneous across individual members of the panel+ The tests also allow for individual heterogeneous fixed ..."
Abstract - Cited by 529 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
fixed effects and trend terms, and we consider both pooled within dimension tests and group mean between dimension tests+ We derive limiting distributions for these and show that they are normal and free of nuisance parameters+ We also provide Monte Carlo evidence to demonstrate their small sample size

The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomized trials,”

by MSc; David Moher , PhD, MBA; Kenneth F Schulz , Douglas G Altman - Journal of the American Medical Association, , 1987
"... To comprehend the results of a randomized, controlled trial (RCT), readers must understand its design, conduct, analysis, and interpretation. That goal can be achieved only through complete transparency from authors. Despite several decades of educational efforts, the reporting of RCTs needs improv ..."
Abstract - Cited by 787 (15 self) - Add to MetaCart
To comprehend the results of a randomized, controlled trial (RCT), readers must understand its design, conduct, analysis, and interpretation. That goal can be achieved only through complete transparency from authors. Despite several decades of educational efforts, the reporting of RCTs needs

SCRIBE: A large-scale and decentralized application-level multicast infrastructure

by Miguel Castro, Peter Druschel, Anne-Marie Kermarrec, Antony Rowstron - IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS (JSAC , 2002
"... This paper presents Scribe, a scalable application-level multicast infrastructure. Scribe supports large numbers of groups, with a potentially large number of members per group. Scribe is built on top of Pastry, a generic peer-to-peer object location and routing substrate overlayed on the Internet, ..."
Abstract - Cited by 658 (29 self) - Add to MetaCart
Scribe to provide stronger reliability. Simulation results, based on a realistic network topology model, show that Scribe scales across a wide range of groups and group sizes. Also, it balances the load on the nodes while achieving acceptable delay and link stress when compared to IP multicast.

NiagaraCQ: A Scalable Continuous Query System for Internet Databases

by Jianjun Chen, David J. Dewitt, Feng Tian, Yuan Wang - In SIGMOD , 2000
"... Continuous queries are persistent queries that allow users to receive new results when they become available. While continuous query systems can transform a passive web into an active environment, they need to be able to support millions of queries due to the scale of the Internet. No existing syste ..."
Abstract - Cited by 584 (9 self) - Add to MetaCart
Continuous queries are persistent queries that allow users to receive new results when they become available. While continuous query systems can transform a passive web into an active environment, they need to be able to support millions of queries due to the scale of the Internet. No existing

Scalable Application Layer Multicast

by Suman Banerjee, Bobby Bhattacharjee, Christopher Kommareddy , 2002
"... We describe a new scalable application-layer multicast protocol, specifically designed for low-bandwidth, data streaming applications with large receiver sets. Our scheme is based upon a hierarchical clustering of the application-layer multicast peers and can support a number of different data deliv ..."
Abstract - Cited by 731 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
delivery trees with desirable properties. We present extensive simulations of both our protocol and the Narada application-layer multicast protocol over Internet-like topologies. Our results show that for groups of size 32 or more, our protocol has lower link stress (by about 25%), improved or similar
Results 1 - 10 of 190,745