algorithms are special cases of two generic algorithms, the min-sum and sum-product algorithms, which also include non-iterative algorithms such as Viterbi decoding. The min-sum and sum-product algorithms are developed and presented as generalized trellis algorithms, where the time axis of the trellis

Graphs (networks) are very common data structures which are handled in computers. Diagrams are widely used to represent the graph structures visually in many information systems. In order to automatically draw the diagrams which are, for example, state graphs, data-flow graphs, Petri nets

A set of q triangles sharing a common edge is called a book of size q. We write β (n, m) for the the maximal q such that every graph G (n, m) contains a book of size q. In this note 1) we compute β ( n, cn 2) for infinitely many values of c with 1/4 < c < 1/3, 2) we show that if m ≥ (1/4 − α

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this technical report, we will make an abstraction of the circuit concept, and focus on the partitioning properties of general graphs

The modern science of networks has brought significant advances to our understanding of complex systems. One of the most relevant features of graphs representing real systems is community structure, or clustering, i. e. the organization of vertices in clusters, with many edges joining vertices

An r-graph is a graph whose basic elements are its vertices and r-tuples. It is proved that to every 1 and r there is an e(l, r) so that for n> no every r-graph of n vertices and n '-E(i, r) r-tuples contains r. /vertices P),I5 j < r, l < i < l, so that all the r-tuples (x i, ( 1

Drawing graphs is an important problem that combines flavors of computational geometry and graph theory. Applications can be found in a variety of areas including circuit layout, network management, software engineering, and graphics. The main contributions of this paper can be summarized

A factor graph is a bipartite graph that expresses how a "global" function of many variables factors into a product of "local" functions. Factor graphs subsume many other graphical models including Bayesian networks, Markov random fields, and Tanner graphs. Following one simple

... This paper concerns the problem of interprocedural slicing---generating a slice of an entire program, where the slice crosses the boundaries of procedure calls. To solve this problem, we introduce a new kind of graph to represent programs, called a system dependence graph, which extends