This paper introduces interference channels, a new kind of covert channel that works by creating external interference on a shared communications medium (such as a wireless network). Unlike previous covert channels, here the covert sender does not need to compromise an authorized sender or require

is measured by how quickly and effectively they can follow that signal to the buried victim. Up until now, little has been done to understand the effect that external interference has on this signal, and therefore the effectiveness of the beacon itself. In this study, personal electronic devices were held

Abstract: Mobile communication systems recently use adjacent frequency bands with each other or with other services, due to the lack of frequency bands. In such situation, the capacity of mobile communication system will be reduced by the external interference from the system using adjacent

Abstract—When a wireless sensor network is deployed indoors, sensor nodes often need to compete for channel usage with other, more powerful devices such as 802.11 access points. To mitigate the effects of such external interference we propose Chrysso, a protocol extension specifically designed

the discussion of interference temperature as a new metric for the quantification and management of interference, the paper addresses three fundamental cognitive tasks. 1) Radio-scene analysis. 2) Channel-state estimation and predictive modeling. 3) Transmit-power control and dynamic spectrum management

the course of the learning of automatic detection, of categories, and of automaticattention responses. They show the dependence of automatic detection on attending responses and demonstrate how such responses interrupt controlled processing and interfere with the focusing of attention. The learning

Recent research on corporate governance has documented large differences between countries in ownership concentration in publicly traded firms, in the breadth and depth of financial markets, and in the access of firms to external finance. We suggest that there is a common element

This paper develops a general framework for analyzing corporate risk management policies. We begin by observing that if external sources of finance are more costly to corporations than internally generated funds, there will typically be a benefit to hedging: hedging adds value to the extent

, Ferguson, & Kopstein, 1990). The consequences of drug abuse are acute on both a personal and a societal level. For the developing young adult, drug and alcohol abuse under-mines motivation, interferes with cognitive processes, contrib-

(or other agent external to the protection system) making a request.