Many have argued that auditors ’ independence plays a pivotal role in enhancing the quality of the audit in an organization. This is the focus of this study, using Nigerian quoted companies as a reference point. This study empirically evaluates the relationship between audit quality and auditors

This paper empirically compares nine image dissimilarity measures that are based on distributions of color and texture features summarizing over 1,000 CPU hours of computational experiments. Ground truth is collected via a novel random sampling scheme for color, and via an image partitioning method

Power-law distributions occur in many situations of scientific interest and have significant consequences for our understanding of natural and man-made phenomena. Unfortunately, the empirical detection and characterization of power laws is made difficult by the large fluctuations that occur

Distinctions have been proposed between systems of reasoning for centuries. This article distills properties shared by many of these distinctions and characterizes the resulting systems in light of recent findings and theoretical developments. One system is associative because its computations reflect similarity structure and relations of temporal contiguity. The other is “rule based” because it operates on symbolic structures that have logical content and variables and because its computations have the properties that are normally assigned to rules. The systems serve complementary functions and can simultaneously generate different solutions to a reasoning problem. The rule-based system can suppress the associative system but not completely inhibit it. The article reviews evidence in favor of the distinction and its characterization.

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Unsupervised learning of linguistic structure

reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. *Manfredo is an Assistant Professor (manfredo@asu.edu), and Richards is Associate Professor and Power Professor of Agribusiness, Morrison School of Agribusiness and Resource

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American option pricing under stochastic volatility:

valuable comments and the Center for Research on Transportation (CRT) at the Université de Montréal for financial support. We also acknowledge a private insurer for providing the