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How much should we trust differences-in-differences estimates?

by Marianne Bertrand, Esther Duflo, Sendhil Mullainathan , 2003
"... Most papers that employ Differences-in-Differences estimation (DD) use many years of data and focus on serially correlated outcomes but ignore that the resulting standard errors are inconsistent. To illustrate the severity of this issue, we randomly generate placebo laws in state-level data on femal ..."
Abstract - Cited by 828 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Most papers that employ Differences-in-Differences estimation (DD) use many years of data and focus on serially correlated outcomes but ignore that the resulting standard errors are inconsistent. To illustrate the severity of this issue, we randomly generate placebo laws in state-level data

Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees.

by Koichiro Tamura , Masatoshi Nei - Mol Biol Evol , 1993
"... Examining the pattern of nucleotide substitution for the control region of mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) in humans and chimpanzees, we developed a new mathematical method for estimating the number of transitional and transversional substitutions per site, as well as the total number of nucleotide sub ..."
Abstract - Cited by 925 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Examining the pattern of nucleotide substitution for the control region of mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) in humans and chimpanzees, we developed a new mathematical method for estimating the number of transitional and transversional substitutions per site, as well as the total number of nucleotide

Fitting a mixture model by expectation maximization to discover motifs in biopolymers.

by Timothy L Bailey , Charles Elkan - Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol , 1994
"... Abstract The algorithm described in this paper discovers one or more motifs in a collection of DNA or protein sequences by using the technique of expect~tiou ma.,dmization to fit a two-component finite mixture model to the set of sequences. Multiple motifs are found by fitting a mixture model to th ..."
Abstract - Cited by 947 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
several different motifs with differing numbers of occurrences in a single dataset.

An Information-Theoretic Definition of Similarity

by Dekang Lin - In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Machine Learning , 1998
"... Similarity is an important and widely used concept. Previous definitions of similarity are tied to a particular application or a form of knowledge representation. We present an informationtheoretic definition of similarity that is applicable as long as there is a probabilistic model. We demonstrate ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1243 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
how our definition can be used to measure the similarity in a number of different domains.

Performance of optical flow techniques

by J. L. Barron, D. J. Fleet, S. S. Beauchemin - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION , 1994
"... While different optical flow techniques continue to appear, there has been a lack of quantitative evaluation of existing methods. For a common set of real and synthetic image sequences, we report the results of a number of regularly cited optical flow techniques, including instances of differential, ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1325 (32 self) - Add to MetaCart
While different optical flow techniques continue to appear, there has been a lack of quantitative evaluation of existing methods. For a common set of real and synthetic image sequences, we report the results of a number of regularly cited optical flow techniques, including instances of differential

Tobins Q, corporate diversification and firm performance

by Larry H. P. Lang, René M. Stulz , 1993
"... In this paper, we show that Tobin's q and firm diversification are negatively related. This negative relation holds for different diversification measures and when we control for other known determinants of q. We show further that diversified firms have lower q's than equivalent portfolios ..."
Abstract - Cited by 499 (26 self) - Add to MetaCart
In this paper, we show that Tobin's q and firm diversification are negatively related. This negative relation holds for different diversification measures and when we control for other known determinants of q. We show further that diversified firms have lower q's than equivalent

A comparative analysis of selection schemes used in genetic algorithms

by David E. Goldberg, Kalyanmoy Deb - Foundations of Genetic Algorithms , 1991
"... This paper considers a number of selection schemes commonly used in modern genetic algorithms. Specifically, proportionate reproduction, ranking selection, tournament selection, and Genitor (or «steady state") selection are compared on the basis of solutions to deterministic difference or d ..."
Abstract - Cited by 531 (31 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper considers a number of selection schemes commonly used in modern genetic algorithms. Specifically, proportionate reproduction, ranking selection, tournament selection, and Genitor (or «steady state") selection are compared on the basis of solutions to deterministic difference

Boosting a Weak Learning Algorithm By Majority

by Yoav Freund , 1995
"... We present an algorithm for improving the accuracy of algorithms for learning binary concepts. The improvement is achieved by combining a large number of hypotheses, each of which is generated by training the given learning algorithm on a different set of examples. Our algorithm is based on ideas pr ..."
Abstract - Cited by 516 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
We present an algorithm for improving the accuracy of algorithms for learning binary concepts. The improvement is achieved by combining a large number of hypotheses, each of which is generated by training the given learning algorithm on a different set of examples. Our algorithm is based on ideas

A High-Throughput Path Metric for Multi-Hop Wireless Routing

by Douglas S. J. De Couto, Daniel Aguayo, John Bicket, Robert Morris , 2003
"... This paper presents the expected transmission count metric (ETX), which finds high-throughput paths on multi-hop wireless networks. ETX minimizes the expected total number of packet transmissions (including retransmissions) required to successfully deliver a packet to the ultimate destination. The E ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1108 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper presents the expected transmission count metric (ETX), which finds high-throughput paths on multi-hop wireless networks. ETX minimizes the expected total number of packet transmissions (including retransmissions) required to successfully deliver a packet to the ultimate destination

A standardized set of 260 pictures: Norms for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity

by Joan Gay Snodgrass, Mary Vanderwart - JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: HUMAN LEARNING AND MEMORY , 1980
"... In this article we present a standardized set of 260 pictures for use in experiments investigating differences and similarities in the processing of pictures and words. The pictures are black-and-white line drawings executed according to a set of rules that provide consistency of pictorial represent ..."
Abstract - Cited by 663 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
In this article we present a standardized set of 260 pictures for use in experiments investigating differences and similarities in the processing of pictures and words. The pictures are black-and-white line drawings executed according to a set of rules that provide consistency of pictorial
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