of technology transfer occur because of the failure to consider those factors. This paper focuses on the initial (though often forgotten) and crucial steps of technology transfer, Needs Assessment and Technology Assessment, and identifies factors involved in those steps. The study is based on a literature

ABSTRACT The knowledge of the in-situ stress field in rock masses is in general of crucial importance in various areas of geo-engineering, such as mining or civil underground excavations, hydrocarbon extraction, CO2 storage, hydraulic fracture operations, etc. In the context of the Finite Element

Existing models for describing a process (such as a business process or a software development process) tend to focus on the \what " or the \how " of the process. For example, a health insurance claim process would typically be described in terms of a number of steps for assessing

but failed to block virus growth. These observations suggest that oxidative stress, which occurs early in the interaction between cp BVDV and its host cell, may be a crucial event in the sequence leading to apoptotic cell death. Hence, apoptosis is not required for the multiplication of the cp biotype

-containing monomers associate into the active, octameric protein. We conclude that in H. polymorpha FAD binding to the A 0 monomer is mediated by a yet unknown peroxisomal factor and represents the crucial and essential step to enable A 0 oligomerization; the actual octamerization and the eventual crystallization

These include: This article cites 37 articles, 15 of which can be accessed free at:

Abstract During the 6 th International Conference on Envenomation by Snakebites and Scorpion Stings in Africa held in Abidjan, from 1 to 5 June 2015, the measures for the management of envenomation were discussed and new recommendations were adopted by the participants. The high incidence and severity of this affliction were confirmed by several studies conducted in African countries. The poor availability of antivenom, particularly because of the cost, was also highlighted. Some experiences have been reported, mainly those regarding the financial support of antivenom in Burkina Faso (more than 90 %) and Togo (up to 60 %) or the mandatory reporting of cases in Cameroon. Key recommendations concerned: improvement of epidemiological information based on case collection; training of health workers in the management of envenomation; policy to promote the use of effective and safe antivenom; and antivenom funding by sharing its costs with stakeholders in order to improve antivenom accessibility for low-income patients.

MissForest- nonparametric missing value imputation for

In quantitative shotgun proteomic analyses by liquid chromatography and mass spectrome-try, a rigid study design is necessary in order to obtain statistically relevant results. Hypothe-sis testing, sample size calculation and power estimation are fundamental concepts that require consideration upon designing an experiment. For this reason, the reproducibility and variability of the proteomic platform needs to be assessed. In this study, we evaluate the technical (sample preparation), labeling (isobaric labels), and total (biological + techni-cal + labeling + experimental) variability and reproducibility of a workflow that employs a shotgun LC-MS/MS approach in combination with TMT peptide labeling for the quantifica-tion of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proteome. We illustrate that the variability induced by TMT labeling is small when compared to the technical variation. The latter is also responsible for a substantial part of the total variation. Prior knowledge about the ex-perimental variability allows for a correct design, a prerequisite for the detection of biologi-cally significant disease-specific differential proteins in clinical proteomics experiments.

Akt is a serine/threonine kinase involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and glucose metabolism. Akt is differentially activated by growth factors and oxidative stress by sequential phosphorylation of Ser473 by mTORC2 and Thr308 by PDK1. On these bases, we investigated the mechanistic connection of H2O2 yield, mitochondrial activation of Akt1 and cell cycle progression in NIH/3T3 cell line with confocal microscopy, in vivo imaging, and directed mutagenesis. We demonstrate that modulation by H2O2 entails the entrance of cytosolic P-Akt1 Ser 473 to mitochondria, where it is further phosphorylated at Thr308 by constitutive PDK1. Phosphorylation of Thr308 in mitochondria determines Akt1 passage to nuclei and triggers genomic post-translational mechanisms for cell proliferation. At high H2O2, Akt1-PDK1 association is disrupted and P-Akt1 Ser473 accumulates in mitochondria in detriment to nuclear translocation; accordingly, Akt1 T308A is retained in mitochondria. Low Akt1 activity increases cytochrome c release to cytosol leading to apoptosis. As assessed by mass spectra, differential H2O2 effects on Akt1-PDK interaction depend on the selective oxidation of Cys 310 to sulfenic or cysteic