Abstract—Knuth’s celebrated balancing method consists of inverting the first k bits in a binary information sequence, such that the resulting sequence has as many ones as zeroes, and communicating the index k to the receiver through a short balanced prefix. In the proposed method, Knuth’s scheme

and how a firm’s competitive advantage is eroded depends on the stability of market demand, and the ease of replicability (expanding internally) and imitatability (replication by competitors). If correct, the framework suggests that private wealth creation in regimes of rapid technological change depends

The comprehensive population registries available in Scandinavia have made possible extensive work in epidemiology on associations between risk factors and disease. The area has attracted many statisticians with little epidemiological training. Experience has shown that some find it difficult to adapt to the practical challenges. Not only is a basic understanding required of statistical methods, but a particular cautious attitude is needed in interpretation of epidemiological data. The statistician must often deal with issues of a biological nature, as well as data processing problems. All aspects must be taken into account in the education of professional statisticians. It is argued that the non-statistical components should be integrated into the training, with a considerable freedom of choice for the students. If relevant data analytic work is included, students will be exposed to many of the challenges encountered in epidemiology.

As a reliable, end-to-end transport protocol, the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) uses positive acknowledgements and retransmission to guarantee delivery. TCP implementations are expected to measure and adapt to changing round-trip delay so that their retransmission behavior balances user

methodology for showing correctness of balancing networks is developed as a direct consequence of this combinatorial theory. This methodology is applied to yield a transparent correctness proof for the bitonic counting network introduced by Aspnes et al., whose layout is isomorphic to that of the classical

Load balancing programs are usually verified by analyzing and simulating simple performance models. In this paper, we argue that besides this verification the correctness of load balancing programs needs to be verified formally, in order to gain confidence in the use of these programs in practical

not escaped our notice that the specific pairing we have postulated immediately suggests a possible copying mechanism for the genetic material. ” Fifty years later, interest in the fidelity of DNA copying mechanisms remains high because the balance between correct and incorrect DNA synthesis

For many applications it is important to accurately distinguish false negative results from false positives. This is particularly important for medical diagnosis where the correct balance between sensitivity and specificity plays an important role in evaluating the performance of a classifier

Organizations are becoming more aware about the importance of economic, financial and risk management aspects of information system security. As a result, the balance between preventive and corrective security strategies must be studied. We understand Preventive Security as the ability

Abstract Academic and corporate communities have been dedicating considerable effort to World Wide Web caching, When correctly deployed, web caching systems can lead to significant bandwidth savings, server load balancing, perceived network latency reduction, and higher content availability