In response to the growing gap between memory access time and processor speed, DRAM manufacturers have created several new DRAM architectures. This paper presents a simulation-based performance study of a representative group, each evaluated in a small system organization. These small

this paper we first discuss the wire metrics of interest and examine them in a contemporary 0.25m process. We then discuss technology scaling over the next several generations, from SIA and other predictions, and how our wire metrics trend over that time. We will examine the delay and bandwidth

access, resource discovery, and other challenges. It is this class of problem that is addressed by Grid technologies. Next, we present an extensible and open Grid architecture, in which protocols, services, application programming interfaces, and software development kits are categorized according

the Origin 2000 and then describes its architecture and implementation. In addition, performance results are presented for the NAS Parallel Benchmarks V2.2 and the SPLASH2 applications. Finally, the Origin system is compared to other contemporary commercial ccNUMA systems. 1

, nonstationary, and nonlocal nature of behavioral and brain data are emphasized. Three sources of contemporary neural network research-the binary, linear, and continuous-nonlinear models-are noted. The remainder of the article describes results about continuous-nonlinear models: Many models of content

Abstract—Technology scaling has led to significant variability in chip performance and power consumption. In this work, we measured and analyzed the power variability in dynamic random access memories (DRAMs). We tested 22 double date rate third generation (DDR3) dual inline memory modules (DIMMs

. This growing gap has been referred to as the “Memory Wall.” DRAM architectures have been going through rapid changes in order to reduce the performance impact attributable to this increasing relative latency of primary memory accesses. This thesis examines a variety of modern DRAM architectures in the context

This paper introduces a router delay model that accurately models key aspects of modern routers. The model accounts for the pipelined nature of contemporary routers, the specific flow control method employed, the delay of the flowcontrol credit path, and the sharing of crossbar ports across virtual

The bandwidth and latency of a memory system are strongly dependent on the manner in which accesses interact with the "3-D" structure of banks, rows, and columns characteristic of contemporary DRAM chips. There is nearly an order of magnitude difference in bandwidth between successive

This paper discusses an approach to reducing memory latency in future systems. It focuses on systems where a single chip DRAM/processor will not be feasible even in 10 years, e.g. systems requiring a large memory and/or many CPU's. In such systems a solution needs to be found to DRAM latency