Results 1 - 10 of 612

A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation

by Andrew J. Elliot, Marcy A. Church - Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 1997
"... A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation was proposed and tested in a college classroom. Mastery, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals were assessed and their antecedents and consequences examined. Results indicated that mastery goals were grounded in ac ..."
Abstract - Cited by 377 (31 self) - Add to MetaCart
-approach goals enhanced graded performance, and performanceavoidance goals proved inimical to both intrinsic motivation and graded performance. The proposed model represents an integration of classic and contemporary approaches to the study of achievement motivation. Achievement motivation is a ubiquitous

The adaptive nature of human categorization

by John R. Anderson - Psychological Review , 1991
"... A rational model of human categorization behavior is presented that assumes that categorization reflects the derivation of optimal estimates of the probability of unseen features of objects. A Bayesian analysis is performed of what optimal estimations would be if categories formed a disjoint partiti ..."
Abstract - Cited by 344 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
A rational model of human categorization behavior is presented that assumes that categorization reflects the derivation of optimal estimates of the probability of unseen features of objects. A Bayesian analysis is performed of what optimal estimations would be if categories formed a disjoint

Approach and avoidance achievement goals: An intrinsic motivation analysis. Unpublished. doctoral dissertation

by Andrew J. Elliot, Judith M. Harackiewicz, Andrew J. Elliot, Department Ofpsychology, Judith M. Harackiewicz, Department Ofpsychology , 1994
"... Most contemporary achievement goal conceptualizations consist of a performance goal versus mas-tery goal dichotomy. The present research offers an alternative framework by partitioning the per-formance goal orientation i to independent approach and avoidance motivational orientations. Two experiment ..."
Abstract - Cited by 266 (33 self) - Add to MetaCart
Most contemporary achievement goal conceptualizations consist of a performance goal versus mas-tery goal dichotomy. The present research offers an alternative framework by partitioning the per-formance goal orientation i to independent approach and avoidance motivational orientations. Two

A rational analysis of the selection task as optimal data selection

by Mike Oaksford, Nick Chater - 67 – 215535 Deliverable 4.1 , 1994
"... Human reasoning in hypothesis-testing tasks like Wason's (1966, 1968) selection task has been depicted as prone to systematic biases. However, performance on this task has been assessed against a now outmoded falsificationist philosophy of science. Therefore, the experimental data is reassessed ..."
Abstract - Cited by 247 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
is reassessed in the light of a Bayesian model of optimal data selection in inductive hypothesis testing. The model provides a rational analysis (Anderson, 1990) of the selection task that fits well with people's performance on both abstract and thematic versions of the task. The model suggests

Levels issues in theory development, data collection, and analysis

by Katherine J. Klein, Fred Dansereau, Rosalie J. Hau - Academy of Management Review , 1994
"... De<plt » past entreaties to organizational theorists and reseontchars to address levels issues more carefully, levels issues continue to arouse confusion and controversy within &e organizational literature. We highlight three alternative assumptions that underlie the specifica-tion of levels ..."
Abstract - Cited by 234 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
De<plt » past entreaties to organizational theorists and reseontchars to address levels issues more carefully, levels issues continue to arouse confusion and controversy within &e organizational literature. We highlight three alternative assumptions that underlie the specifica-tion of levels

Bayesian inference of species trees from multilocus data

by Joseph Heled, Alexei J. Drummond - MOL BIOL EVOL , 2009
"... Until recently, it has been common practice for a phylogenetic analysis to use a single gene sequence from a single individual organism as a proxy for an entire species. With technological advances, it is now becoming more common to collect data sets containing multiple gene loci and multiple indivi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 180 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
individuals per species. These data sets often reveal the need to directly model intraspecies polymorphism and incomplete lineage sorting in phylogenetic estimation procedures. For a single species, coalescent theory is widely used in contemporary population genetics to model intraspecific gene trees. Here

Bayesian estimation of ancestral character states on phylogenies

by Mark Pagel, Andrew Meade, Daniel Barker - Syst. Biol , 2004
"... Abstract.—Biologists frequently attempt to infer the character states at ancestral nodes of a phylogeny from the distribution of traits observed in contemporary organisms. Because phylogenies are normally inferences from data, it is desirable to account for the uncertainty in estimates of the tree a ..."
Abstract - Cited by 170 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract.—Biologists frequently attempt to infer the character states at ancestral nodes of a phylogeny from the distribution of traits observed in contemporary organisms. Because phylogenies are normally inferences from data, it is desirable to account for the uncertainty in estimates of the tree

1 Bayesian curve fitting for lattice gauge theorists

by C. Morningstar A , 2001
"... A new method of extracting the low-lying energy spectrum from Monte Carlo estimates of Euclidean-space correlation functions which incorporates Bayesian inference is described and tested. The procedure fully exploits the information present in the correlation functions at small temporal separations ..."
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A new method of extracting the low-lying energy spectrum from Monte Carlo estimates of Euclidean-space correlation functions which incorporates Bayesian inference is described and tested. The procedure fully exploits the information present in the correlation functions at small temporal separations

1Bayesian curve fitting for lattice gauge theorists

by C. Morningstara
"... A new method of extracting the low-lying energy spectrum from Monte Carlo estimates of Euclidean-space correlation functions which incorporates Bayesian inference is described and tested. The procedure fully exploits the information present in the correlation functions at small temporal separations ..."
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A new method of extracting the low-lying energy spectrum from Monte Carlo estimates of Euclidean-space correlation functions which incorporates Bayesian inference is described and tested. The procedure fully exploits the information present in the correlation functions at small temporal separations

The plurality of Bayesian measures of confirmation and the problemof measure sensitivity

by Branden Fitelson - Philosophy of Science 66 (Proceedings), S362–S378 , 1999
"... Contemporary Bayesian confirmation theorists measure degree of (incremental) confirmation using a variety of non-equivalent relevance measures. As a result, a great many of the arguments surrounding quantitative Bayesian confirmation theory are implicitly sensitive to choice of measure of confirmati ..."
Abstract - Cited by 54 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
Contemporary Bayesian confirmation theorists measure degree of (incremental) confirmation using a variety of non-equivalent relevance measures. As a result, a great many of the arguments surrounding quantitative Bayesian confirmation theory are implicitly sensitive to choice of measure
Results 1 - 10 of 612