Since the appearance of public-key cryptography in the seminal Diffie-Hellman paper, many new schemes have been proposed and many have been broken. Thus, the

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credit and debit card transactions by authenticating both the card and the customer presenting it through a combination of cryptographic authentication codes, digital signatures, and the entry of a PIN. In this paper we describe and demonstrate a protocol flaw which allows criminals to use a genuine card

Abstract This article describes the development and use of broken probes: prompted processes of degradation that produce unique identifiers with which to associate and retrieve digitally recorded histories. We offer our design and deployment of Broken Probes as a methodology for eliciting insights

: A novel border following algorithm is used to reconstruct the borders and missing links of noisy and broken handwritten digits. When combined with a suitable rejection threshold, improved performance from handwritten character classifiers is achieved. Experimental results are given which show

information is missing. Can ρ be consistently estimated? This is an extension of a problem considered in , is strictly less than 1 for ρ = ρ 1 and ρ 2 . We also consider this result from the perspective of a bivariate empirical process which contains information equivalent to that of the broken sample.

-- was broken, clearly shows, that encryption on its own is insufficient for many systems in protecting copyrighted material from misuse. Digital Watermarking, on the other hand, relies on the shortcomings of the "human visual system" (HVS) and is about embedding copyright information in a way

the study of media and society; and when leading sociological theorists have broken from the disciplinary cannon to argue that the media are key actors in modern life. This article examines the point of journalistic production in one major news organization and shows how reporters and editors manage

In some pattern recognition processes bmed on recognizing structural features, a serious problem is poorly-cbawn lines which cause broken parts when a digital bitmap (a binary image) is madeof the line-jgure. This broken pattern changes the pattern structure, and increases the likelihood

in the tablets or capsules. Consumption of these damaged tablets may cause some problem in skin, eyes and mouth. Most of the tablets are not advisable to be consumed in broken form. Manual inspection is a very challenging task. Image processing plays a major role in automation of visual inspection. Therefore we