Pfinder is a real-time system for tracking people and interpreting their behavior. It runs at 10Hz on a standard SGI Indy computer, and has performed reliably on thousands of people in many different physical locations. The system uses a multiclass statistical model of color and shape to obtain a 2

. This article reviews the rapidly expanding body of work on the development and application of deformable models to problems of fundamental importance in medical image analysis, includingsegmentation, shape representation, matching, and motion tracking.

observing conditions. This paper takes a different perspective, proposing a body-tracking model that is explicitly designed to handle real-world conditions such as occlusions by scene objects, failure recovery, long-term tracking, auto-initialisation, generalisation to different people and integration

We present a vision system for the 3-D model-based tracking of unconstrained human movement. Using image sequences acquired simultaneously from multiple views, we recover the 3-D body pose at each time instant without the use of markers. The pose recovery problem is formulated as a search problem

of the SPH-based technique by Desbrun to animate highly deformable bodies. We gear the method towards fluid simulation by deriving the force density fields directly from the Navier-Stokes equation and by adding a term to model surface tension effects. In contrast to Eulerian grid-based approaches

We describe a learning based method for recovering 3D human body pose from single images and monocular image sequences. Our approach requires neither an explicit body model nor prior labelling of body parts in the image. Instead, it recovers pose by direct nonlinear regression against shape

subject to physical constraints. Experiments on some challenging monocular sequences show that robust cost modelling, joint and self-intersection constraints, and informed sampling are all essential for reliable monocular 3D body tracking.

We present an integrated system for automatic acquisition of the human body model and motion tracking using input from multiple synchronized video streams. The video frames are segmented and the 3D voxel reconstructions of the human body shape in each frame are computed from the foreground

Our paper addresses the problem of enforcing constraints in human body tracking. A projection technique is derived to impose kinematic constraints on independent multi-body motion: we show that for small motions the multi-body articulated motion space can be approximated by a linear manifold

multiple people even with occlusion. It runs at 20 Hz for 320x240 resolution images on a dual-pentium 200 PC. 1 Overview of the W 4 System W 4 is a real time system for tracking people and their body parts in monochromatic imagery. It constructs dynamic models of people's movements to answer