Results 1 - 10 of 7,509

The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) -- A multi-scale . . .

by M. Xue, et al. , 2001
"... ... numerical solution procedures and the parameterizations of subgrid-scale and PBL turbulence of the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) were described. The dynamic and numerical framework of the model was verified using idealized and real mountain flow cases and an idealized density curren ..."
Abstract - Cited by 290 (131 self) - Add to MetaCart
current. In this Part II, we present the treatment of other physics processes and the related verifications. The PBL and surface layer parameterization, the soil model and the atmospheric radiation packages are tested in a fully coupled mode to simulate the development and evolution of the PBL over a 48

Radiative forcing and climate response

by J. Hansen, M. Sato, R. Ruedy - J. Geophys. Res , 1997
"... Abstract. We examine the sensitivity of a climate model to a wide range of radiative forcings, including changes of solar irradiance, atmospheric CO2, 03, CFCs, clouds, aerosols, surface •bedo, and a "ghost " forcing introduced at arbitrary heights, latitudes, longitudes, seasons, and time ..."
Abstract - Cited by 323 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. We examine the sensitivity of a climate model to a wide range of radiative forcings, including changes of solar irradiance, atmospheric CO2, 03, CFCs, clouds, aerosols, surface •bedo, and a "ghost " forcing introduced at arbitrary heights, latitudes, longitudes, seasons

Variability of Absorption and Optical Properties of Key Aerosol Types Observed in Worldwide Locations

by Oleg Dubovik, Brent Holben, Thomas F. Eck, Alexander Smirnov, Yoram J. Kaufman, Michael D. King, Didier Tanré, Ilya Slutsker - JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES , 2002
"... Aerosol radiative forcing is a critical, though variable and uncertain, component of the global climate. Yet climate models rely on sparse information of the aerosol optical properties. In situ measurements, though important in many respects, seldom provide measurements of the undisturbed aerosol in ..."
Abstract - Cited by 263 (30 self) - Add to MetaCart
Aerosol radiative forcing is a critical, though variable and uncertain, component of the global climate. Yet climate models rely on sparse information of the aerosol optical properties. In situ measurements, though important in many respects, seldom provide measurements of the undisturbed aerosol

The MODIS aerosol algorithm, products, and validation,

by L A Remer , Y J Kaufman , D Tanré , S Mattoo , D A Chu , J V Martins , R.-R Li , ## C Ichoku , R C Levy , R G Kleidman , T F Eck , @@ E Vermote , B N Holben , Lorraine A Remer@nasa , Gov - J. Atmos. Sci., , 2005
"... ABSTRACT The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard both NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites is making near-global daily observations of the earth in a wide spectral range (0.41-15 m). These measurements are used to derive spectral aerosol optical thickness and aerosol size ..."
Abstract - Cited by 247 (27 self) - Add to MetaCart
of the atmosphere. Over the ocean, the aerosol optical thickness is provided in seven wavelengths from 0.47 to 2.13 m. In addition, quantitative aerosol size information includes effective radius of the aerosol and quantitative fraction of optical thickness attributed to the fine mode. Spectral irradiance

Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon,

by V Ramanathan , G Carmichael - Nat. Geosci., , 2008
"... Figure 1: Global distribution of BC sources and radiative forcing. a, BC emission strength in tons per year from a study by Bond et al. Full size image (42 KB) Review Nature Geoscience 1, 221 -227 (2008 Black carbon in soot is the dominant absorber of visible solar radiation in the atmosphere. Ant ..."
Abstract - Cited by 228 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
Figure 1: Global distribution of BC sources and radiative forcing. a, BC emission strength in tons per year from a study by Bond et al. Full size image (42 KB) Review Nature Geoscience 1, 221 -227 (2008 Black carbon in soot is the dominant absorber of visible solar radiation in the atmosphere

Aerosol, climate and the hydrological cycle,

by V Ramanathan , P J Crutzen , J T Kiehl , D Rosenfeld - Science, , 2001
"... Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere. These human-made aerosols enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation. They also produce brighter clouds that are less efficient at releasing precipitation. These in turn lead to large reductions in the amount of ..."
Abstract - Cited by 202 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere. These human-made aerosols enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation. They also produce brighter clouds that are less efficient at releasing precipitation. These in turn lead to large reductions in the amount

The effect of solar radiation variations on the climate of the Earth

by M. I. Budyko, Main Geophysical Observatory, M Spasskaja - Tellus , 1969
"... It follows from the analysis of observation data that the secular variation of the mean temperature of the Earth can be explained by the variation of short-wave radiation, arriving at the surface of the Earth. In connection with this, the influence of long-term changes of radiation, caused by variat ..."
Abstract - Cited by 171 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
It follows from the analysis of observation data that the secular variation of the mean temperature of the Earth can be explained by the variation of short-wave radiation, arriving at the surface of the Earth. In connection with this, the influence of long-term changes of radiation, caused

Synergistic algorithm for estimating vegetation canopy leaf area index and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation from MODIS and MISR data

by Y. Knyazikhin, J.V. Martonchik, R.B. Myneni, D.J. Diner, S. W. Running , 1998
"... A synergistic algorithm for producing global leaf area index and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation fields from canopy reflectance data measured by MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) and MISR (multiangle imaging spectroradiometer) instruments aboard the EO ..."
Abstract - Cited by 177 (48 self) - Add to MetaCart
shortwave spectral bands) instruments within one algorithm. By accounting features specific to the problem of radiative transfer in plant canopies, powerful techniques developed in reactor theory and atmospheric physics are adapted to split a complicated three-dimensional radiative transfer problem

Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES): An earth observing system experiment

by Bruce A. Wielicki, Bruce R. Barkstrom, Bryan A. Baum, Thomas P. Charlock, Richard N. Green, David P. Kratz, Robert B. Lee, Patrick Minnis, G. Louis Smith, Takmeng Wong, David F. Young, Robert D. Cess, James A. Coakley, Dominique A. H. Crommelynck, Leo Donner, Robert K, Michael D. King, Alvin J. Miller, Veerabhadran Ramanathan, David A. R, Larry L. Stowe, Ronald M. Welch
"... CERES objectives include the following. 1) For climate change analysis, provide a continuation of the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) record of radiative fluxes at the top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA), analyzed using the same techniques as the existing ERBE data. 2) Double the accuracy of estima ..."
Abstract - Cited by 178 (13 self) - Add to MetaCart
CERES objectives include the following. 1) For climate change analysis, provide a continuation of the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) record of radiative fluxes at the top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA), analyzed using the same techniques as the existing ERBE data. 2) Double the accuracy

Global Products Of Vegetation Leaf Area And Fraction Absorbed Par From Year One Of Modis Data

by R. B. Myneni, S. Hoffman, Y. Knyazikhin, J. L. Privette, J. Glassy, Y. Tian, Y. Wang, X. Song, Y. Zhang, G. R. Smith, A. Lotsch, M. Friedl, J. T. Morisette, P. Votava, R. R. Nemani, S. W. Running, Ranga B. Myneni, Glcc Global, Land Cover Characterization , 2001
"... . An algorithm based on the physics of radiative transfer in vegetation canopies for the retrieval of vegetation green leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) from surface reflectances was developed and implemented for operational processing prior to ..."
Abstract - Cited by 187 (27 self) - Add to MetaCart
. An algorithm based on the physics of radiative transfer in vegetation canopies for the retrieval of vegetation green leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) from surface reflectances was developed and implemented for operational processing prior
Results 1 - 10 of 7,509