Feature Oriented Programming (FOP) is an emerging paradigm for application synthesis, analysis, and optimization. A target application is specified declaratively as a set of features, like many consumer products (e.g., personal computers, automobiles). FOP technology translates such declarative specifications into efficient programs.

such declarative specifications into efficient programs. AHEAD is a model of FOP that is based on step-wise refinement, which advocates that complex programs can be synthesized from simple programs by incrementally adding features. The AHEAD Tool Suite (ATS) supports program development in AHEAD. AHEAD and ATS

such declarative specifications into efficient programs. AHEAD is a model of FOP that is based on step-wise refinement, which advocates that complex programs can be synthesized from simple programs by incrementally adding features. The AHEAD Tool Suite (ATS) supports program development in AHEAD. AHEAD and ATS

and multiple noncode representations. AHEAD shows that software can have an elegant, hierarchical mathematical structure that is expressible as nested sets of equations. We review a tool set that supports AHEAD. As a demonstration of its viability, we have bootstrapped AHEAD tools from equational

Abstract Wireless network has been improved after 3G by means of higher data rates with better coverage and by reducing latency. LTE is the technology that provides backward compatibility with 3G and 4G technologies. Compared with 3G, it offers high data rates of the order of 50Mbps for uplink and 100Mbps for downlink. LTE is able to provide services in scalable bandwidth (1.4,

Abstract − Long Term Evolution (LTE) permits mobile service providers to provide services in an efficient manner such that the data rate is increased with a wider bandwidth. The control channels of LTE include three channels namely

Abstract—Physical Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) Indicator Channel (PHICH) is used to report the correct reception of the uplink user data to the User Equipment (UE) in the form of Acknowledgment (ACK) or Negative ACK (NACK). In Long Term Evolution –Advanced (LTE-A) base station and UE have multiple antenna ports to provide transmit and receive diversities. An algorithm for decoding the HARQ value at UE is designed using maximum likelihood (ML) and maximal ratio combining (MRC) methods. Further, novel low complexity receiver architectures based on the VLSI Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques- folding method and parallel processing with folding method to reduce the operational units is proposed to reduce resource consumption. Tradeoff analysis of the proposed structures in terms of the timing cycles, operational resource requirement and resource complexity is discussed. The proposed system is optimal compared to other possible ways as it employs parallel processing with folding approach. It is a suitable solution for the area optimized hardware implementation of physical downlink channel receiver structures LTE-A whose delay results also meet the frame timing constraint. The proposed architectures are used to implement in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) Virtex-5 xc5vlx50tff1136-1 device for single/multiple antenna configurations at base station and UE.

and translation equivalents. At run-time, the source and its translation prefix are sliced into ngrams to generate and rank completion candidates, which are then displayed to users. We present a prototype writing assistant, TransAhead, that applies the method to computer-assisted translation and language learning

is to investigate how various state-of-the-art and emerging tools and features can be integrated into one single user interface environment to satisfy end users ’ varying needs in interacting with electronic information. Apart from being able to draw out a host of essential features of future e

the current speaker finished speaking. This suggests that observer gaze is closely aligned with perceptual processes of turn-boundary projection, and thus may equip the field with the tools to explore how we manage to take turns.