This paper gives the main definitions relating to dependability, a generic concept including as special case such attributes as reliability, availability, safety, integrity, maintainability, etc. Security brings in concerns for confidentiality, in addition to availability and integrity. Basic

of spectral clustering algorithms, which cluster the data with the help of eigenvectors of graph Laplacian matrices. We show that one of the two of major classes of spectral clustering (normalized clustering) converges under some very general conditions, while the other (unnormalized), is only consistent

). An efficient algorithm is also given for building a classifier based on the set of discovered CARs. Experimental results show that the classifier built this way is, in general, more accurate than that produced by the state-of-the-art classification system C4.5. In addition, this integration helps to solve a

the quality of workstation screens in terms of resolution, color, and flicker-free stereo. In addition, this format helps reduce the effect of common tracking and system latency errors. The off-axis perspective projection techniques we use are shown to be simple and straightforward. Our techniques for doing

ABSTRACT Van der Pol's equation for a relaxation oscillator is generalized by the addition of terms to produce a pair of non-linear differential equations with either a stable singular point or a limit cycle. The resulting "BVP model " has two variables of state, representing

, new algorithms of branch-and-bound and heuristic searches are implemented. In addition, MEGA computes statistical quantities such as nucleotide and amino acid frequencies, transition/transversion biases, codon frequencies (codon usage tables), and the number of variable sites in specified segments

of which bear a close relationship to certain existing algorithms while others are novel but potentially interesting in their own right. Also given are results that show how such algorithms can be naturally integrated with backpropagation. We close with a brief discussion of a number of additional issues

ABSTRACT Trehalose is a disaccharide that occurs naturally in insects, plants, fungi, and bacteria. The major dietary source is mushrooms. Trehalose is used in bakery goods, beverages, confectionery, fruit jam, breakfast cereals, rice, and noodles as a texturizer, stabilizer, humectant, or formulation aid with a low sweetening intensity. Trehalose is a naturally occurring disaccharide with known protein and membrane stabilizing capability. Although trehalose absorption in humans has not been well studied, a small fraction (0.5%) is likely to be absorbed by passive diffusion, as has been demonstrated for other dissacharides

investment post liberalization which partially reflects a decreased cost of capital and increased factor productivity. The additional investment is largely financed by foreign capital leading to deteriorating trade balances. Some of the liberalization effect can be accounted for by coincidental macroeconomic

that the one-way traffic clustering and loss-synchronization phenomena d~cussed in [16] persist in this new situation, albeit in a slightly modified form. In addition, there are two new phenomena not present in the earlier study: (1) ACK-compression, which is due to the interaction of data and ACK packets