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A theory of type polymorphism in programming

by Robin Milner - Journal of Computer and System Sciences , 1978
"... The aim of this work is largely a practical one. A widely employed style of programming, particularly in structure-processing languages which impose no discipline of types, entails defining procedures which work well on objects of a wide variety. We present a formal type discipline for such polymorp ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1076 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
states that if fl accepts a program then it is well typed. We also discuss extending these results to richer languages; a type-checking algorithm based on w is in fact already implemented and working, for the metalanguage ML in the Edinburgh LCF system, 1.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation.

by S Ogawa , T M Lee , A R Kay , D W Tank - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 1990
"... ABSTRACT Paramagnetic deoxyhemoglobin in venous blood is a naturally occurring contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). By accentuating the effects of this agent through the use of gradient-echo techniques in high fields, we demonstrate in vivo images of brain microvasculature with imag ..."
Abstract - Cited by 648 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
to regional neural activity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely accepted modality for providing anatomical information. Current research (1) involves extending MRI methods to provide information about biological function, in addition to the concomitant anatomical information. In addition

Software agents: An overview

by Hyacinth S. Nwana - Knowledge Engineering Review , 1996
"... Agent software is a rapidly developing area of research. However, the overuse of the word ‘agent ’ has tended to mask the fact that, in reality, there is a truly heterogeneous body of research being carried out under this banner. This overview paper presents a typology of agents. Next, it places age ..."
Abstract - Cited by 418 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
Agent software is a rapidly developing area of research. However, the overuse of the word ‘agent ’ has tended to mask the fact that, in reality, there is a truly heterogeneous body of research being carried out under this banner. This overview paper presents a typology of agents. Next, it places

Consumer acceptance of electronic commerce: Integrating trust and risk with the technology acceptance model

by Paul A. Pavlou - International Journal of Electronic Commerce , 2003
"... ABSTRACT: This paper aims to predict consumer acceptance of e-commerce by proposing a set of key drivers for engaging consumers in on-line transactions. The primary constructs for capturing consumer acceptance of e-commerce are intention to transact and on-line transaction behavior. Following the th ..."
Abstract - Cited by 320 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
the theory of reasoned action (TRA) as applied to a technology-driven environment, technology acceptance model (TAM) variables (perceived usefulness and ease of use) are posited as key drivers of e-commerce acceptance. The practical utility of TAM stems from the fact that e-commerce is technology

Specific capital, mobility, and wages: Wages rise with job seniority

by Robert Topel , 1990
"... The idea that wages rise relative to alternatives as job seniority accumulates is the foundation of the theory of specific human capital, as well as other widely accepted theories of compensation. The fact that persons with longer job tenures typically earn higher wages tends to support these views, ..."
Abstract - Cited by 401 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
The idea that wages rise relative to alternatives as job seniority accumulates is the foundation of the theory of specific human capital, as well as other widely accepted theories of compensation. The fact that persons with longer job tenures typically earn higher wages tends to support these views

Using an Expressive Description Logic: FaCT or Fiction?

by Ian R. Horrocks - In Proc. of KR-98 , 1998
"... Description Logics form a family of formalisms closely related to semantic networks but with the distinguishing characteristic that the semantics of the concept description language is formally defined, so that the subsumption relationship between two concept descriptions can be computed by a suitab ..."
Abstract - Cited by 273 (50 self) - Add to MetaCart
suitable algorithm. Description Logics have proved useful in a range of applications but their wider acceptance has been hindered by their limited expressiveness and the intractability of their subsumption algorithms. This paper addresses both these issues by describing a sound and complete tableaux

The Variable Discharge of Cortical Neurons: Implications for Connectivity, Computation, and Information Coding

by Michael N. Shadlen, William T. Newsome - J. Neurosci , 1998
"... this paper we propose that the irregular ISI arises as a consequence of a specific problem that cortical neurons must solve: the problem of dynamic range or gain control. Cortical neurons receive 3000--10,000 synaptic contacts, 85% of which are asymmetric and hence presumably excitatory (Peters, 198 ..."
Abstract - Cited by 345 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
properties, the conditions that excite one neuron are likely to excite a considerable fraction of its afferent input as well (Mountcastle, 1978; Peters and Sethares, 1991), creating a scenario in which saturation of the neuron's firing rate could easily occur. This problem is exacerbated by the fact

Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises

by Raymond S. Nickerson - Review of General Psychology , 1998
"... Confirmation bias, as the term is typically used in the psychological literature, connotes the seeking or interpreting of evidence in ways that are partial to existing beliefs, expectations, or a hypothesis in hand. The author reviews evidence of such a bias in a variety of guises and gives examples ..."
Abstract - Cited by 314 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
examples of its operation in several practical contexts. Possible explanations are considered, and the question of its utility or disutility is discussed. When men wish to construct or support a theory, how they torture facts into their service! (Mackay, 1852/ 1932, p. 552) Confirmation bias is perhaps

The stages of economic growth.

by W W Rostow - Economic History Review , 2nd series 12, , 1959
"... JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about J ..."
Abstract - Cited by 297 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
of the economy.4 For some purposes it is useful to characterize an economy in terms of its leading sectors; and a part of the technical basis for the stages of growth lies in the changing sequence of leading sectors. In essence it is the fact that sectors tend to have a rapid growth phase, early in their life

Data Association in Stochastic Mapping Using the Joint Compatibility Test

by Jose Neira, Juan D. Tards , 2001
"... In this paper, we address the problem of robust data association for simultaneous vehicle localization and map building. We show that the classical gated nearest neighbor approach, which considers each matching between sensor observations and features independently, ignores the fact that measurement ..."
Abstract - Cited by 252 (15 self) - Add to MetaCart
In this paper, we address the problem of robust data association for simultaneous vehicle localization and map building. We show that the classical gated nearest neighbor approach, which considers each matching between sensor observations and features independently, ignores the fact
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