Booklet, are reviews of the field of Particle Physics. This complete Review includes a

Booklet, are reviews of the field of Particle Physics. This complete Review includes a

Abstract not found

A major limitation of today's computer games is the shallowness of interactions with non-player characters. To build up relationships with players, NPCs should be able to remember shared experiences, including conversations, and shape their responses accordingly. We believe that progress in AI has already reached the point where research on using NLP and large KBs in games could lead to important new capabilities. We describe our Listener Architecture for conversational games, which has been implemented in a toolkit used to make short experimental games. Episodic memory plays a central role, using analogical reasoning over a library of previous conversations with the player. Examples and scale-up issues are discussed.

This paper is an abbreviated version of our original manuscript. We wrote this abbreviated version in order to meet the size limitations imposed by the astro-ph archive. The original manuscript, which has been submitted to The Astrophysical Journal, can be obtained by contacting the authors. We

This paper studies the endogenous determination of financial and trade openness. First, we outline a theoretical framework leading to two-way feedbacks between the different modes of openness; next, we identify these feedbacks empirically. We find that one standard deviation increase in commercial openness is associated with a 9.5 percent increase in de-facto financial openness ( % of GDP), controlling for political economy and macroeconomic factors. Similarly, increase in de-facto financial openness has powerful effects on future trade openness. De-jure restrictions on capital mobility have only a weak impact on de-facto financial openness, while de-jure restrictions on the current account have large adverse effect on commercial openness. Having established (Granger) causality, we investigate the relative magnitudes of these directions of causality using Geweke’s (1982) decomposition methodology. We find that almost all of the linear feedback between trade and financial openness can be accounted for by G-causality from financial openness to trade openness (53%) and from trade to financial openness (34%). We conclude that in an era of rapidly growing trade integration countries cannot choose financial openness independently of their degree of openness to trade. Dealing with greater exposure to financial turbulence by imposing restrictions on financial flows will likely be

Booklet, are reviews of the field of Particle Physics. This complete Review includes a

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The online version of this article can be found at:

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