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67
Decomposer biomass in the rhizosphere to assess rhizodeposition
- Oikos
, 2007
"... Quantification of the organic carbon released from plant roots is a challenge. These compounds of rhizodeposition are quickly transformed into CO2 and eventually bacterial biomass to be consumed by bacterivores (protozoa and nematodes). Microbes stimulate rhizodeposition several-fold so assays under ..."
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Cited by 5 (0 self)
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barley with a 2 week leaf aphid attack and found that biomass of bacterivores but not bacteria in the rhizosphere correlated with plant-induced respiration activity belowground. This indicated top-down control of the bacteria. Moreover, at increasing density of aphids, bacterivore biomass
Name:...................................... Date:....................................
, 2010
"... belowground functioning of tropical biomes ..."
Alteration of belowground carbon dynamics by nitrogen addition
"... have had substantial effects on ecosystem functioning. We document changes in the belowground C cycle near ponderosa pine trees experiencing experimental nitrogen (N) addition (50 and 150 kg N ha1 a1 as slow release urea since 1997) at two end-member sites along a pollution gradient in the San Berna ..."
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Bernardino Mountains, California. Despite considerable differences in N deposition between the two sites, we observed parallel changes in microbial substrate use and soil enzyme activity with N addition. D14C measurements indicate that the mean age of C respired by the Oa horizon declined 10–15 years with N
Interpreting, measuring, and modeling soil respiration
- Biogeochemistry
, 2005
"... Abstract. This paper reviews the role of soil respiration in determining ecosystem carbon balance, and the conceptual basis for measuring and modeling soil respiration. We developed it to provide background and context for this special issue on soil respiration and to synthesize the presentations an ..."
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Cited by 41 (2 self)
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and discussions at the workshop. Soil respiration is the largest component of ecosystem respiration. Because autotrophic and heterotrophic activity belowground is controlled by substrate availability, soil respiration is strongly linked to plant metabolism, photosynthesis and litterfall. This link dominates both
Effect of nitrogen fertilisation on below-ground carbon allocation in lettuce
"... Abstract: The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilisation on the below-ground carbon (C) translocation by lettuce and the CO2 efflux from its rhizosphere. Two N fertilisation levels (80 and 160kg Nha1) and two growth stages (43 and 60 days) were tested. 14C pulse ..."
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labelling of shoots followed by 14Cmonitoring in the soil, roots,microbial biomass and CO2 efflux from the soil was used to distinguish between root-derived and soil organic matter-derivedC. The 14C allocation in the below-ground plant parts was 1.5–4.6 times lower than in the leaves. The total quantity
Plant Communities, Soil Microorganisms, and Soil Carbon Cycling: Does Altering the World Belowground Matter to Ecosystem Functioning?
"... Soil microorganisms mediate many critical ecosys-tem processes. Little is known, however, about the factors that determine soil microbial community composition, and whether microbial community composition influences process rates. Here, we investigated whether aboveground plant diversity affects soi ..."
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Cited by 13 (0 self)
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, however, that the more important mechanism through which changes in plant diversity affect soil microbial communities and their carbon cycling activities may be through alterations in their abun-dance rather than their community composition. Key words: biodiversity; microbial community; carbon cycling
The carbon balance of tropical, temperate and boreal forests.
- Plant Cell and Environment,
, 1999
"... ABSTRACT Forest biomes are major reserves for terrestrial carbon, and major components of global primary productivity. The carbon balance of forests is determined by a number of component processes of carbon acquisition and carbon loss, and a small shift in the magnitude of these processes would ha ..."
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Cited by 102 (2 self)
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taking. This approach is dependent only on quantification of the changes in root biomass (8), and not on accurate partitioning of below-ground carbon fluxes between autotrophic (12) and heterotrophic (11) respiration. If the changes in root biomass have not been accurately estimated, the approach can
Consequences of Cool-Season Drought-Induced Plant Mortality to Chihuahuan Desert Grassland Ecosystem and Soil Respiration Dynamics
"... ABSTRACT Predicted reductions of cool-season rainfall may expand and accelerate drought-induced plant mortality currently unfolding across the Southwest US. To assess how repeated plant mortality affects ecosystem functional attributes, we quantified net ecosystem CO 2 exchange (NEE), ecosystem res ..."
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respiration (R eco ), and gross ecosystem photosynthesis (GEP) responses to precipitation (P) at a semidesert grassland over spring (Feb 1-Apr 30) and summer (June 15-Oct 1) plant-active periods across eight years, including two with distinct patterns of extensive species-specific mortality. In addition, we
© 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Soil pCO?, soil respiration, and root activity in CCVfumigated and nitrogen-fertilized ponderosa pine
"... The purpose of this paper is to describe the effects of C02 and N treatments on soil pC02, calculated CO2 efflux, root biomass and soil carbon in open-top chambers planted with Pinus ponderosa seedlings. Based upon the literature, it was hypothesized that both elevated CO2 and N would cause increase ..."
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The purpose of this paper is to describe the effects of C02 and N treatments on soil pC02, calculated CO2 efflux, root biomass and soil carbon in open-top chambers planted with Pinus ponderosa seedlings. Based upon the literature, it was hypothesized that both elevated CO2 and N would cause
Estimating crop residue decomposition coefficients using substrateinduced respiration. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 29
, 1997
"... Summary--hlodeling of crop residue decomposition for nutrient cycling and effectiveness of residues to control soil erosion requires information on crop-specific decomposition coefficients (k). Respiration of decomposing residues reflects the activity of the microbial community and should give an in ..."
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Cited by 3 (0 self)
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an indication of the residue decomposition rate. A method for estimating k using substrate-induced respiration (SIR) of plant residues was evaluated. Basal respiration, total SIR, fungal SIR and bacterial SIR were measured for five crop residues monthly for 1 y. In general, total SIR and basal respiration
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