In this paper, we propose a computational model of the recognition of real world scenes that bypasses the segmentation and the processing of individual objects or regions. The procedure is based on a very low dimensional representation of the scene, that we term the Spatial Envelope. We propose a

University Press Spatial representations, when used well, support learning in reading, mathematics, and science. They also enable mental simulations and visualizations that prompt innovation and scientific discovery. Spatial representations, both external drawings and internal images, exploit

version of [ Cohn, 1997 ] ) I will survey the state of the art in Qualitative Spatial Reasoning, covering representation and reasoning issues as well as pointing to some application areas. 1 What is Qualitative Reasoning? The principal goal of Qualitative Reasoning (QR) [ Weld and De Kleer, 1990

multiresolution representation called a wavelet representation. It is computed with a pyramidal algorithm based on convolutions with quadrature mirror lilters. For images, the wavelet representation differentiates several spatial orientations. We study the application of this representation to data compression

different consequences between representability with δ ≤ 1 or with δ> 1, Ipropose atesttoempiricallyestimateδand I discuss the theoretical and empirical implications for spatial models of political competition. JEL Classification: D81, D72.

and non-linguistic representation of motion and space in both adults and children. Taken together, the experiments reveal remarkable similarities in the way space is perceived, remembered and categorized despite differences in how spatial scenes are encoded cross-linguistically.

that participants reordered the terms in the premise graphs so as to produce an integrated linear model of the information in the graph. Spatial ability was found to be associated with the tendency to reorder. These results suggest that people create spatial mental models for graphical reasoning. 1.

scenes based on partial information. The model, proposes an extrapolation process that occurs during perception and then influences spatial memory-- yielding a memory distortion referred to as "boundary extension " 0ntraub & Richardson, 1989). Research testing the implications of the model

An unambiguous definition of space is necessary before any attempt made to develop product or process models for concurrent engineering in the AEC Industry. The ambiguity is the result of different and even conflicting approach to its definition in the various phases of the building life cycle for different stakeholders, e.g. Architects, Engineers, and Building Services Engineer etc. Some researchers consider space as an abstract property of things, while others consider as a thing itself. Regardless of the definition, the space can be referred to as a collector of material objects and also as an object itself. This paper investigates the existing concepts & criteria of definition in various phases, compares with the factual and ontological meaning, and specifies conceptual

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