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Gradient Calculations for Dynamic Recurrent Neural Networks: A Survey (1995)  (Make Corrections)  (75 citations)
Barak A. Pearlmutter
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks



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Abstract: We survey learning algorithms for recurrent neural networks with hidden units, and put the various techniques into a common framework. We discuss fixedpoint learning algorithms, namely recurrent backpropagation and deterministic Boltzmann Machines, and non-fixedpoint algorithms, namely backpropagation through time, Elman's history cutoff, and Jordan's output feedback architecture. Forward propagation, an online technique that uses adjoint equations, and variations thereof, are also discussed.... (Update)

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BibTeX entry:   (Update)

Pearlmutter, B. A. (1995). Gradient calculations for dynamic recurrent neural networks: A survey. http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/pearlmutter95gradient.html   More

@article{ pearlmutter95gradient,
    author = "Barak A. Pearlmutter",
    title = "Gradient Calculations for Dynamic Recurrent Neural Networks: A Survey",
    journal = "IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks",
    volume = "6",
    number = "5",
    month = "September",
    pages = "1212--1228",
    year = "1995",
    url = "citeseer.ist.psu.edu/pearlmutter95gradient.html" }
Citations (may not include all citations):
92   Cooperative computation of stereo disparity (context) - Marr, Poggio - 1976  ACM
31   The appeal of parallel distributed processing (context) - McClelland, Rumelhart et al.  ACM
17   Cooperating processes for lowlevel vision: A survey (context) - Davis, Rosenfeld - 1981
10   Relaxation and its role in vision (context) - Hinton - 1977
1   Analysis of a cooperative stereo algorithm (context) - Marr, Palm et al. - 1978



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