The software and knowledge engineering literature defines maintenance strategies for seven main types of knowledge: words; sentences; behavioural knowledge; and meta-knowledge. Meta-knowledge divides into problem solving methods; quality knowledge; fix knowledge; social knowl- 5 edge; and processing activities. There are five main ways in which these seven knowledge types are processed: acquire; operationalise; fault; fix; and preserve. We review systems that contribute to these 7 5 = 35 types of knowledge maintenance.
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3620
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Design Patterns. Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software
– Gamma, Helm, et al.
- 1998
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2489
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Induction of Decision Trees
– Quinlan
- 1986
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930
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Case-Based Reasoning
– Kolodner
- 1993
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843
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Efficient induction of logic programs
– Muggleton, Feng
- 1990
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602
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The knowledge level
– Newell
- 1982
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519
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Diagnosing multiple faults
– Kleer, Williams
- 1987
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491
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On Visual Formalisms
– Harel
- 1988
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484
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Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design, Ablex Publishing
– Winograd, Flores
- 1986
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418
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Algorithmic Program Debugging
– Shapiro
- 1983
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364
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An Assumption-based TMS
– deKleer
- 1986
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269
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Analysis Patterns: Reusable Object Models
– Fowler
- 1996
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251
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Heuristic classification
– Clancey
- 1985
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230
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Chunking in Soar: The anatomy of a general learning mechanism
– Laird, Rosenbloom, et al.
- 1986
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223
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Rule-Based Expert Systems: The MYCIN experiments of the Stanford Heuristic Programming Project
– Buchanan, Shortliffe
- 1984
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205
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Probabilistic horn abduction and bayesian networks
– Poole
- 1993
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161
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Inconsistency Handling In MultiPerspective Specifications
– Finkelstein, Gabbay, et al.
- 1994
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157
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KADS: a Modeling Approach to Knowledge Engineering
– Wielinga, Schreiber, et al.
- 1992
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151
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Components of expertise
– Steels
- 1990
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137
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Generic Tasks in Knowledge-based reasoning: high-level building blocks for expert system design
– Chandrasekaran
- 1986
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106
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Task structure analysis for knowledge modeling
– Chandrasekaran, Johnson, et al.
- 1992
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104
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Artificial intelligence
– Winston
- 1992
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102
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Task Modeling with Reusable Problem-Solving Methods
– Eriksson, Shahar, et al.
- 1995
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97
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What is a Knowledge Representation
– Davis, Shrobe, et al.
- 1993
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97
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Improving human decision making through case-based decision aiding
– Kolodner
- 1991
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91
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Using ViewPoints for Inconsistency Management
– Easterbrook, Nuseibeh
- 1996
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88
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Learning concepts by asking questions
– Sammut, Banerji
- 1986
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84
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Supporting systems development by capturing deliberations during requirements engineering
– Ramesh, Dhar
- 1992
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82
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Abductive and default reasoning: a computational core
– Selman, Levesque
- 1990
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75
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CommonKADS: A comprehensive methodology for KBS development
– Schreiber, Wielinga, et al.
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72
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Model construction operators
– Clancey
- 1992
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71
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Theory reduction, theory revision, and retranslation
– Ginsberg
- 1990
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61
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Object Behavior Analysis', in
– Rubin, Goldberg
- 1992
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55
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Brahms: Simulating practice for work systems design
– Clancey, Sachs, et al.
- 1998
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54
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Information System Methodologies - A Framework for Understanding
– Olle, Hagelstein, et al.
- 1988
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53
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Object models: strategies, patterns, and applications
– Coad
- 1997
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52
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Problem-Solving Methods for Diagnosis and their Role in Knowledge Acquisition
– Benjamins
- 1995
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48
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A controlled experiment in program testing and code walkthroughs/inspections
– Myers
- 1978
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46
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Applications of meta level knowledge to the construction, maintainance and use of large knowledge bases, Stanford AI Laboratory, Memo AIM-283
– Davis
- 1976
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46
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A tractable class of abduction problems
– Eshghi
- 1993
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46
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Comparing the Conceptual Systems of Experts
– Gaines, Shaw
- 1989
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44
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Object Solutions: Managing the Object-Oriented Project, Addison-Wesley
– Booch, G
- 1996
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41
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de Velde (eds). The CommonKADS Library for Expertise Modelling
– Breuker, Van
- 1994
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41
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Towards a taxonomy of problem solving types
– Chandrasekaran
- 1983
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39
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Getting Started: Using use cases to capture requirements
– Rumbaugh
- 1994
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38
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Easy programming: empowering people to build their own applications
– Marques, Dallemagne, et al.
- 1992
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38
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Assessing the Maintainability of XCON-in-RIME: Coping with Problems of a very Large Rule Base
– Soloway, Bachant, et al.
- 1987
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33
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Analyzing Inconsistent Specifications
– Hunter, Nuseibeh
- 1997
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33
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Survey of Expert Critiquing Systems: Practical and Theoretical Frontiers
– Silverman
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31
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Elicitation of Requirements from Multiple Perspectives
– Easterbrook
- 1991
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31
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Automatic knowledge base refinement for classification systems
– Ginsberg, Weiss, et al.
- 1988
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