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  Removing Shadows from Images (2002) [65 citations — 11 self]

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by Graham D. Finlayson, Steven D. Hordley, Mark S. Drew, England Nr Tj
In ECCV 2002: European Conference on Computer Vision
http://www.cs.sfu.ca/~mark/ftp/Eccv02/shadowless.pdf
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Abstract:

Abstract. Illumination conditions cause problems for many computer vision algorithms. In particular, shadows in an image can cause segmentation, tracking, or recognition algorithms to fail. In this paper we propose a method to process a 3-band colour image to locate, and subsequently remove shadows. The result is a 3-band colour image which contains all the original salient information in the image, except that the shadows are gone. We use the method set out in [1] to derive a 1-d illumination invariant shadow-free image. We then use this invariant image together with the original image to locate shadow edges. By setting these shadow edges to zero in an edge representation of the original image, and by subsequently re-integrating this edge representation by a method paralleling lightness recovery, we are able to arrive at our sought after full colour, shadow free image. Preliminary results reported in the paper show that the method is e ective. Acaveat for the application of the method is that we must have a calibrated camera. We show in this paper that a good calibration can be achieved simply by recording a sequence of images of a xed outdoor scene over the course of a day. After calibration, only a single image is required for shadow removal. It is shown that the resulting calibration is close to that achievable using measurements of the camera's sensitivity functions. Keywords:

Citations

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176 Color constant color indexing – Funt, Finlayson - 1995
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34 Ambient illumination and the determination of material changes – Gershon, Jepson, et al. - 1986
28 Lessons learned from mondrians applied to real images and color gamuts – McCann - 1999
25 Color constancy at a pixel – Finlayson, Hordley - 2001
13 Illumination{invariant image retrieval and video segmentation – Drew, Wei, et al. - 1999
11 4-sensor camera calibration for image representation invariant to shading, shadows, lighting and specularities – Finlayson, Drew - 2001
11 Classifying color transitions into shadow-geometry, illumination highlight or material edges – Gevers, Stokman - 2000
3 The perception of color at dawn and dusk – Hubel - 1999
3 A new approach tolow level image processing – SUSAN - 1997