M. A. Schickler, M. S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of the International World Wide Web Conference(WWW5), Paris, France, 1996.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....is no expiration time attribute in I Cnet. The repository administration is responsible for the annotations published in the repository. User notification. Some users might like to be notified when a new annotation is linked to a specific image. Some annotation environments such as Commentor [5,8] and Grassroots [10] provide this service. In I Cnet, there is currently no provision for services of this type. Scalability. An annotation system is scalable if it can accommodate a large number of annotations and a large number of user requests. Researchers involved in the Mosaic development ....

....a virtual blackboard and provides the basic infrastructure for Computer Supported Cooperate Work (CSCW) since, when one user adds items to the workspace, these items are immediately visible to other users in the same workspace. 6. Related Work A number of researchers from different disciplines [2,4 8] have addressed the problem of maintaining annotations on the web. Reported work concerns mostly document annotations and focuses on GroupWare activities. The NCSA Mosaic browser supports private, user, and workgroup annotations on documents by associating URLs with comments [4] CoNote [2] was a ....

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Matthew A. Schickler, Murray S. Mazer, and Charles Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference, May 6-10, 1996, Paris, France.

....and annotate discussion messages and threads are out of the scope of this paper. Next we discuss about noncommercial document centered systems where learners are able to annotate web based documents. The first generation of annotation tools such as ComMentor [13] and Group Annotation Transducer [15] required installation of platform specific client side software. The second generation allowed annotation of any document on the Web. Systems like CoNote [2] showed annotations embedded in the document, at the nearby position that they were made. We see two problems with the first and ....

M. Schickler, M. Mazer and C. Brooks, "Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the WWW", Special Issue of Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 28(7-11), 1996, pp. 1063-1074.

....are interested in through a specific URL that acts as an intermediary between the user and the web page. This allows the proxy server to add a user interface and merge existing annotations with the page before displaying it to the user. CritLink [Cri] Annotation Engine [Ann] the GrAnt prototype [SMB96], Annotator [Anno, OAM99] and CoNote [CoN, DH95a] are all examples of the proxy based approach. CritLink [Cri] accessed through crit.org, was one of the earliest systems to allow annotation on any web document. In CritLink, comments can be made on any text in the document. The user creates an ....

....supports creating links from the document to other web pages. To display annotations, the Annotation Engine uses frames and shows a list of comments on the document in a frame on the left side of the browser. Users can reply to particular annotations to start a discussion. In the GrAnt prototype [SMB96], as in CritLink and the Annotation Engine, the user explicitly cuts and pastes the section of the document she wants to annotate into a dialog box to create a new annotation. The designers focused on GrAnt being accessible from any browser, so they proposed a stream transducer architecture to ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

Matthew A. Schickler, Murray S. Mazer, and Charles Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta Information on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference, Paris, France, May 1996.

....0=1 sr3 started 0=1 sr5 started 0=1 sr4 started 250 0 (b) 15 20 25 270 280 290 300 310 320 variety of applications, we highlight a few that are being deployed at Berkeley for widespread public use. Group Annotation for the Web Inspired by prior work on annotating the Web [25], Berkeley students built a scalable, highly available group annotation service [26] The annotations are kept in a separate database and combined with source documents on the fly via transformation; this allows annotation of any page, even without write access to the original. Controls are ....

M. A. Schickler, M. S. Mazer, and C. Brooks, "PanBrowser Support for Annotations and Other MetaInformation on the World Wide Web," Proc. 5th Int'l. World Wide Web Conf., May 1996.

....on mobile agents [28] has focused on supporting distributed artificial intelligence, active proxies share many of the same systems level concerns, such as code mobility, naming, security, and coordination. Many projects have used transcoding to adapt service content to better suit small devices [6, 15, 29, 34, 35, 36, 49, 50]. Additionally, a number of projects have attempted to develop universal interfaces for large classes of devices, including the recent WAP protocol stack [44] Instead of assuming that a single standard will be adopted by all devices, the Ninja architecture allows multiple standards to be bridged ....

M.A. Schicklet, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. In Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW-5), May 1996.

....HP s e Speak [17] does target for wide area operation but does not address service scalability and fault tolerance; nor does it provide access from simple devices that are incapable of running java based communication protocol. Our work is heavily influenced by projects (e.g. 18] 19] 20] [21], 22] 23] 24] that transcode to adapt service content to better suit impoverished small devices. However, these approaches are vertically integrated. They do not use composition as a way to easily extend system functionality. Furthermore, quite a number of works have tried to develop a ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks, "Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web," in Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW-5), May 1996.

....what annotations are, what data they can contain, how they are anchored to a resource, etc. 14] Likewise Schickler et al. focus on network architecture and data delivery issues for an annotation system without going into detail about the structure and capabilities of the annotations themselves [23]. And Roscheisen et al. discuss the ComMentor system s architecture and annotation operations (such as adding, deleting, and retrieving annotations) at great length. They include a brief definition of their PRDMitem annotation structure, which bears some resemblance to the CAF annotation ....

Schickler, M.A., Mazer, M.S., and Brooks, C., "Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta Information on the World Wide Web." Proceedings of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference, Paris, France, May 1996. http://www5conf.inria.fr/fich_html/papers/P15/Overview.html.

....e.g. workgroup. HP s e Speak [18] does target for wide area operation but does not address service scalability and fault tolerance; nor does it provide access from simple devices that are incapable of running java based communication protocol. Our work is heavily in uenced by projects (e.g. [1, 20, 29, 30, 31, 41, 40]) that transcode to adapt service content to better suit impoverished small devices. However, these approaches are vertically integrated. They do not use composition as a way to easily extend system functionality. Furthermore, quite a number of works have tried to develop a single interface for ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. In Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW-5), May 1996.

....(fragment) annotations but the functionality is limited as the implementation is directly integrated into the source code of the browser. The OSF Research Institute developed GrAnT (Group Annotation Transducer) which is a proxy based service and support annotations for the World Wide Web [6]. Annotations in GrAnT can only consist of texts and the system does not use a database system for managing annotations. Project Clio of Grinnell College also deals with annotations on webpages and suggests user permissions and anchors similar to OMNIS 2. The available literature [3] though ....

Schickler M.A., Mazer M.S., Brooks C., Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web, Proc. of the 5th World Wide Web Conference, May 6-10, 1996, Paris, France.

....Forum have shown that collaborative learning can enhance the depth of each students understanding of the subject matter [30] Our present work takes this a step further by tying student dialogs to the context in which they occurred. The MRAS system architecture is related to several designs. OSF [31] and NCSA [15] have proposed scalable Web based architectures for sharing annotations on web pages. CritLink [11] is a web note sharing system; ThirdVoice [34] NovaWiz [26] Hypernix [13] uTok [35] and Zadu [41] have all recently released commercial systems. These are similar in principal to ....

Schickler, M.A., Mazer, M.S., and Brooks, C., Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta Information on the World Wide Web. Proceedings of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (Paris, May 1996), available at http:// www5conf.inria.fr/ fich_html/ papers/ P15/ Overview.html.

....documents at any position in place, share comments pointers with other people (either publicly or privately) and create shared landmark reference points in the information space. There are several annotation systems with a similar direction, such as CoNote and the Group Annotation Transducer [14]. These systems are often limited to particular documents or documents shared only among a few people. Our annotation and transcoding system can also handle multiple comments on any element of any document on the Web. Also, a community wide access control mechanism can be added to our transcoding ....

Matthew A. Schickler, Murray S. Mazer, and Charles Brooks. Pan-browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World Wide Web. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems. Vol. 28, 1996.

....weighing user votes, for instances of usenet articles or for re using explicit recommendations of other users. It is interesting to compare MEMOIR with systems supporting annotations: these require the user to do more work but offer more added value in return. The annotation system described in (Schickler et al. 1996) uses a proxy architecture like that of DLS. BRIO (Rscheisen et al. 1995) is a general architecture and its implementation that deals with annotations on the Web. The system also allows for the manual editing of trail marks which can be used for navigational purposes. The use of proxies is now a ....

A. Schickler, M. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Fifth International World Wide Web Conference, Paris, France, May 1996.

....Functionality Architecture 4.2 Community Resource Annotation Annotations constitute a useful mechanism that can support a number of applications enabling collaboration between community members such as third party commentary, design rationale, information filtering, expertise location, etc. [102, 20, 97, 74, 92]. An annotation system (e.g. PageSeeder 15 ) supports the creation and retrieval of annotations, and composes personalized virtual documents (see next subsection) from the authored document and associated annotations. By varying the annotation vocabulary and composition semantics, an ....

M. Schickler, M. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World-Wide Web. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on the World-Wide Web , Paris, France, 1996.

....mechanisms have been proposed for HTTP [26] The HTTP proxy mechanism was originally designed for implementing security rewalls. It has since been used in a number of creative applications, including Kanji transcoding [48] Kanji to GIF transformation [60] application level stream transducing [8, 49], and personalized agent services for web browsing [6] It has been used to hide the e ects of error prone and low bandwidth wireless links [19, 34] Bruce Zenel [61] applies the proxy mechanism to the mobile environment: lters on an intermediary host drop, delay, or transform data moving between ....

Schickler, M. A., Mazer, M. S., and Brooks, C. Panbrowser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of WWW-5 (Paris, France, May 1996). http://www5conf.inria.fr/ch html/papers/P15/ Overview.html.

....and close integration with email. 3. Related Work Annotations for personal and collaborative use have been studied in several domains. A number of annotation systems have been built and studied in educational contexts, primarily focused on personal annotation. CoNotes [8] and Animal Landlord [25] support guided pedagogical annotation experiences. Neither focused on multimedia lecture scenarios, and their functionality is not as general or rich as MRAS (e.g. tight integration with email) Some studies of handwritten notes [17] have shown that annotations made in books can be valuable to ....

....Forum have shown that collaborative learning can enhance the depth of each students understanding of the subject matter [24] Our present work takes this a step further by tying student dialogs to the context in which they occurred. The MRAS system architecture is related to several designs. OSF [25] and NCSA [11] have proposed scalable Web based architectures for sharing annotations on web pages. ThirdVoice [28] NovaWiz [20] Hypernix [9] uTok [29] and Zadu [35] have all recently released (or are about to release) commercial web note sharing systems. These are all similar in principal to ....

Schickler, M.A., Mazer, M.S., and Brooks, C., PanBrowser Support for Annotations and Other Meta Information on the World Wide Web. Proceedings of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (Paris, May 1996), available at http:// www5conf.inria.fr/ fich_html/ papers/ P15/ Overview.html.

....on mobile agents [28] has focused on supporting distributed arti cial intelligence, active proxies share many of the same systems level concerns, such as code mobility, naming, security, and coordination. Many projects have used transcoding to adapt service content to better suit small devices [6, 15, 29, 34, 35, 36, 49, 50]. Additionally, a number of projects have attempted to develop universal interfaces for large classes of devices, including the recent WAP protocol stack [44] Instead of assuming that a single standard will be adopted by all devices, the Ninja architecture allows multiple standards to be bridged ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. In Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW-5), May 1996.

....site layout, 5: Top Gun Wingman can be downloaded from http: www.isaac.cs.berkeley. edu pilot. DRAFT submitted for publication do not distribute 16 and dynamically produce a graphical representation of the result. Group Annotation for the Web: Inspired by prior work on annotating the Web [SMB96], the TACC reimplementation of group annotation [KG97] leverages Multivalent Document (MVD) technology [PW97] from the UC Berkeley Digital Library Project to provide a scalable, highly available groupannotation service. Annotations are kept in a separate database and are combined with source ....

M. A. Schickler, M. S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. PanBrowser Support for Annotations and Other MetaInformation on the World Wide Web. Proc. of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference, May 1996, Paris, France.

....mechanisms have been proposed for HTTP [20] The HTTP proxy mechanism was originally designed for implementing security firewalls. It has since been used in a number of creative applications, including Kanji transcoding [33] Kanji to GIF transformation [39] applicationlevel stream transducing [8, 34], and personalized agent services for web browsing [6] It has been used to hide the effects of error prone and low bandwidth wireless links [14, 23] Bruce Zenel [40] applies the proxy mechanism to the mobile environment: filters on an intermediary host drop, delay, or transform data moving ....

Schickler, M. A., Mazer, M. S., and Brooks, C. Pan-browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of WWW-5 (Paris, France, May 1996). http://www5conf.inria.fr/fich html/papers/P15/ Overview.html.

....using small icons. Also they are not necessarily public, but can be private or group specific. However, the problem with this approach is that each user must install and use this browser. GrAnT as proposed by Schickler et al. uses a specialized proxy that merges document, annotations and a toolbar (Schickler et al. 1996). This solution is browserindependent and also realizes in place and group annotations. But it still requires that the user changes the configuration of his browser to use such a proxy. Bessler et al. describe DIANE that allows creation of elaborate in place multimedia annotations, but constitutes ....

....offer a completely scalable solution. The Virtual Notes User Interface An annotation can be created by pointing the cursor at the chosen area of the page and clicking there while pressing the CTRL and the ALT Button. This provides an easy and intuitive way to select the desired part of the page (Schickler et al. 1996) for the annotation to refer to. To keep as much of the page visible as possible the annotations are displayed as small icons depicting little stick on notes with a title extracted from the text providing a preview (see figure 1) This sticker metaphor is already widely used for similar ....

Schickler, M.A., Mazer, M.S. and Brooks, C. "Panbrowser support for annotations and other metainformation on the world wide web," Computer Networks and ISDN Systems (28:7-11), May 1996, pp. 1063-1074.

....Other TACC Services In addition to Top Gun Wingman, there are many other TACC based services. To illustrate the variety of applications, we highlight a few that are being deployed at Berkeley for widespread public use. Group Annotation for the Web: Inspired by prior work on annotating the Web [SMB96], we built a scalable, highly available group annotation service. The annotations are kept in a separate database and are combined with source documents on the fly via transformation; this allows annotation of any page, even without write access to the original. Controls are added with ....

M. A. Schickler, M. S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. PanBrowser Support for Annotations and Other MetaInformation on the World Wide Web. Proc. of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference, May 1996.

....by most major universities exploring the distance learning market (e.g. http: stanford online.stanford.edu) However, none of these endeavors support the rich scenario and interaction that we propose and evaluate here. The MRAS system architecture is related to several other designs. OSF [11] and NCSA [6] have proposed scalable Web based architectures for sharing annotations on web pages. These are similar in principal to MRAS, but neither supports fine grained access control, annotation grouping, video annotations, or rich annotation positioning. Knowledge Weasel [7] is Web based. It ....

Schickler, M.A., Mazer, M.S., and Brooks, C., Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta Information on the World Wide Web. Proceedings of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (Paris, France, May 1996), available at http:// www5conf.inria.fr/ fich_html/ papers/ P15/ Overview.html.

....particularly popular for HTTP, whose proxy mechanism was originally intended for users behind security firewalls. The mechanism has been harnessed for anonymization [8] Kanji transcoding [36, 41] application specific stream transformation [7] and personalized associates for Web browsing [6, 37]. Some projects provide an integrated solution with both network level and application level mechanisms [30, 17, 43] though none propose a uniform application development model analogous to TACC. Rover [16] Coda [29] and Wit [40] differ in their respective approaches to partitioning ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Panbrowser support for annotations and other metainformation on the world wide web. In Proc. Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW-5), May 1996.

....proxy servers, but the value added by the proxy can be greater because of the support from the database system. 3.3. 1 Request Filters Proxy servers have already been combined successfully with a database (in the guise of a separate server) to provided support for document annotation on the Web [Schickler et al. 1996]. Annotations allow users to share experiences and observations about document collections asynchronously. GrAnT (Group Annotation Transducer) was constructed using the concept of an application specific stream transducer [Brooks et al. 1995] and a previous prototype for a tool to provide ....

Shickler, M., Mazer, M., & Brooks, C. (1996). Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of the Fifth International World Wide Web Conference. Paris, France. (Available from http://www.osf.org/www/waiba/papers/grpannot/grpannot.html ).

.... ; ComMentor[4] integrates annotations that are designed for value add services ; Hyper G [5] 6] is a large scale, multi protocol, distributed, hypermedia information system that also offers an annotation service for users with native Hyper G browsers ; the annotation support by the OSF [7] introduces a new proxy, which taps the HTTP stream to support all browsers and is designed for group collaboration ; Hypernews [8] brings threaded discussions like the UseNet to the WWW ; CoNote [9] addresses cooperative learning situations, where the courseware can be annotated to help the ....

Schickler, Matthew A. and Mazer, Murray S. and Brooks, Charles. 1996 (May). Pan--Browser support for annotations and other meta--information on the World Wide Web, from Proceedings of the 5 th Int. WWW Conference. Elsevier, Paris, France. http://www5conf.inria.fr/

....weighing user votes, for instances of usenet articles or for re using explicit recommendations of other users. It is interesting to compare MEMOIR with systems supporting annotations: these require the user to do more work but offer more added value in return. The annotation system described in [19] uses a proxy architecture like that of DLS. BRIO [18] is a general architecture and its implementation that deals with annotations on the Web. The system also allows for the manual editing of trail marks which can be used for navigational purposes. The use of proxies is now a well established ....

A. Schickler, M. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Fifth International World Wide Web Conference, Paris, France, May 1996.

....to include database queries directly into HTML documents. Only a few approaches exist that use database systems within a Web environment. In [16] a database system is used to store link information to guarantee local consistency of the existing hyperlinks. Another approach that is described in [17] stores the information included in the META tags of HTML documents in a database to provide keyword search capabilities. Tele teaching itself is a very active area of research[15] and many different applications are currently developed or ported to the World Wide Web[5, 8, 12, 18] These ....

Schickler, M.A., Mazer M.S., Brooks, C.: Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other MetaInformation on the World Wide Web. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 28(7-11), 1063--1074, 1996.

....the document content in a transparent way, and can also be used to change the content of a reply dynamically before sending it back to the client. These properties have been studied in many works [17,5] and lead to the development of high level applications such as a WWW document annotation server [25] to support a group of users. BROADWAY external architecture is in the straight line of these works. Other browsing advisors have also chosen a proxy based architecture [20] BROADWAY accepts multiple simultaneous connections allowing a group of users to share their navigation experiments on the ....

M. A. Schicker, M. S Mazer and C. Brooks. Pan-browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Proc. of the 5 th International World Wide Web Conference, Computer Network and ISDN Systems, 28:1063--1074, May 1996.

....the document content in a transparent way, and can also be used to change the content of a reply dynamically before sending it back to the client. These properties have been studied in many works [16,4] and lead to the development of high level applications such as a WWW document annotation server [24] to support a group of users. BROADWAY external architecture is in the straight line of these works. Other browsing advisors have also chosen a proxy based architecture [19] BROADWAY accepts multiple simultaneous connections allowing a group of users to share their navigation experiments on the ....

M. A. Schicker, M. S Mazer and C. Brooks. Pan-browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Proc. of the 5 th International World Wide Web Conference, Computer Network and ISDN Systems, 28:1063--1074, May 1996.

....mechanisms have been proposed for HTTP [23] The HTTP proxy mechanism was originally designed for implementing security firewalls. It has since been used in a number of creative applications, including Kanji transcoding [38] Kanji to GIF transformation [49] application level stream transducing [9, 39], and personalized agent services for web browsing [7] It has been used to hide the effects of error prone and low bandwidth wireless links [17, 27] Bruce Zenel [50] applies the proxy mechanism to the mobile environment: filters on an intermediary host drop, delay, or transform data moving ....

Schickler, M. A., Mazer, M. S., and Brooks, C. Panbrowser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of WWW-5 (Paris, France, May 1996). http://www5conf.inria.fr/fich html/papers/P15/ Overview.html.

....Java centric approach to creating and viewing annotations by treating annotation as a behavior of multivalent documents. An alternative solution that supports annotation for non MVD (i.e. legacy) documents and servers involves a proxy implementation, an early prototype of which was demonstrated in [116]. In that project, the Group Annotation Transducer (GrAnT) is a proxy resident software module that operates on HTML returned by a downstream server. The GrAnT module queries a metadata server for annotation information relevant to the HTML document at hand, then merges the annotations with the ....

.... of such semantic transformation include Kanji transcoding [114] Kanji to GIF conversion [135] and language translation [1] A less drastic form of semantic transformation is illustrated by personal Web browsing assistants such as Open Group s Wide Area Information Browsing Assistants (WAIBA) [116] and IBM WBI [10] these agents dynamically annotate the contents of Web pages being returned to the user, to build up a history graph of sites the user has visited, insert information regarding colleagues ranking of the page being viewed, or annotate text on the page (for example, by creating a ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW-5), May 1996.

....and composing the result into a dynamically generated culture this week page. The combination of transformation and aggregation by stateless workers results in an extremely general programming model: in fact, transformation proxies [11] proxy filters [30] customized information aggregators [26,7], and search engines [17] are all subsumed by the TACC model. Caching plays an interesting role in TACC, because the cache can store post transformation (or post aggregation) content in addition to original Internet content. Like all caches, its contents are entirely soft state that can be ....

....have some overlap with the work described here, but none of them attempts to create a scalable or fault tolerant platform for providing the service to large numbers of users. 4.2. 2 Value Added Infrastructural Services The Open Group s Wide Area Information Browsing Assocaites (WAIBA) work [7,26] is closest in spirit to this work, with respect to the space of applications of interest. WAIBA provided a model of stackable transducers with simple common API s based on the HTTP proxy mechanism, and built a number of interesting services using this model, both filtering and groupware (e.g. ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. Proc. WWW-5, Paris, May 1996. http:// www5conf.inria.fr/fich_html/papers/P15/Overview.html

....particularly popular for HTTP, whose proxy mechanism was originally intended for users behind security firewalls. The mechanism has been harnessed for anonymization [7] Kanji transcoding [36, 40] application specific stream transformation [6] and personalized associates for Web browsing [5, 37]. Some projects provide an integrated solution with both network level and application level mechanisms [18, 19, 42] though none propose a uniform application development model analogous to TACC. Rover [15] Coda [31] and Wit [39] differ in their respective approaches to partitioning ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Panbrowser support for annotations and other metainformation on the world wide web. In Proc. Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW-5), May 1996.

....are two specific questions: 1. how can readers actvities be made available to one another 2. how can use of Web artefacts be made (more) public The use of readers Web bookmarks is one way of exploiting information artefacts in social Web filtering [17] Shareable page annotations are another [4, 18]. Both of these approaches have the disadvantage that they require readers to make a specific effort to record their preferences (though this effort is mitigated by the fact that the bookmarker or annotator is acting for their own benefit) However, surveys of Web users provides evidence that they ....

Schickler, Mazer and Brooks. Pan-Browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World Wide Web. In proceedings of the Fifth International WWW Conference, Paris, May, 1996, p. 1063--74.

....this week page. Our initial implementation allows Unix pipeline like chaining of an arbitrary number of stateless transformations and aggregations; this results in a very general programming model that subsumes transformation proxies [21] proxy filters [67] customized information aggregators [59,11], and search engines. The selection of which workers to invoke for a particular request is service specific and controlled outside the workers themselves; for example, given a collection of workers that convert images between pairs of encodings, a correctly chosen sequence of transformations can ....

.... has been used to shield clients from the effects of poor (especially wireless) networks [21,35] perform filtering [67] and anonymization, and perform value added transformations on content, including Kanji transcoding [56] Kanji to GIF conversion [65] and application level stream transducing [11,59]. Fault tolerance and high availability: The Worm programs [55] are an early example of process peer fault tolerance. Tandem Computer and others explored a related mechanism, process pair fault tolerance, 5] in which a secondary (backup) process ran in parallel with the primary and maintained ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. Proc. WWW-5, Paris, May 1996. http://www5conf.inria.fr/fich_html/ papers/P15/Overview.html

....web pages. The ComMentor system [20] is an inlining annotation system based on a modified web browser that can also be employed for shared bookmarks. It organizes annotations as sets that the user can subscribe to. There is no hierarchical organization for annotation sets. In a similar system [21] the custom browser is replaced with a proxy. Both systems poll annotation servers for each page visited. Clustering approaches have been applied for organizing bookmarks into categories [22] Rather than building category profiles they make use of inter document similarity for computing new ....

Matthew A. Schickler, Murray S. Mazer, and Charles Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 28, 7--11, 1996

....would detect the fact that the other had been killed, and would start a new copy of the recently slain program within a few milliseconds. The only way to kill both ghosts was to kill them simultaneously (very difficult) or to deliberately crash the system. 50] ized information aggregators [59,13], and search engines. The selection of which workers to invoke for a particular request is service specific and controlled outside the workers themselves; for example, given a collection of workers that convert images between pairs of encodings, a correctly chosen sequence of transformations can ....

.... has been used to shield clients from the effects of poor (especially wireless) networks [22,37] perform filtering [67] and anonymization, and perform value added transformations on content, including Kanji transcoding [56] Kanji to GIF conversion [65] application level stream transducing [13,59], and personalized agent services for Web browsing [7] Fault tolerance and high availability: The Worm programs [55] are an early example of process peer fault tolerance. Tandem Computer and others explored a related mechanism, process pair fault tolerance, 6] in which a secondary (backup) ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. Proc. WWW-5, Paris, May 1996. http://www5conf.inria.fr/fich_html/ papers/P15/Overview.html

....subservient to the persistence requirement. ffl (N,P) Non interactive Reads and Writes, Persistent State Examples: logging a hit counter in the background, or sending an asynchronous notification to a user of some event, such as the addition of an annotation to a document in a groupware system [11]. ffl (R,S) Interactive Reads, Soft State Examples: retrieving a cached search engine result, retrieving a cached image transformation. Design implication: a system in this category must also have Interactive Computation, to ensure that the interactivity requirement is met should the soft state ....

....Reads and Writes, Degradable State Examples: the contents of a user s shopping cart during a shopping session. ffl (N,D) Non interactive Reads and Writes, Degradable State Examples: sending background notifications to a set of users on a best effort basis (e.g. in a Web based groupware setting [11]) Design implications: the system may choose to shun these under load, based on an appropriate algorithm. 3 Transformations and Discussion 3.1 Toy Example: Multiple Node Hit Counter We illustrate our proposed approach first with a toy example, then motivate its use in real examples. Consider ....

M.A. Schickler, M.S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World Wide Web. In Fifth International World Wide Web Conference (WWW-5), May 1996.

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M. A. Schickler, M. S. Mazer, and C. Brooks. Pan-Browser Support for Annotations and Other Meta-Information on the World Wide Web. In Proceedings of the International World Wide Web Conference(WWW5), Paris, France, 1996.

No context found.

M. A. Schickler, M. S. Mazer, C. Brooks. Pan-browser support for annotations and other meta-information on the World-Wide Web. Proceedings of the 5th International WWW Conference, 1996, p. 1063--1074.

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