The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. Prentice Hall International, 1992.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....of the system and passing on the responsibility to some adjacent part of the system whenever it is unable to perform the whole of a requested task itself. In this paper we describe a generic hierarchic communications system which is structured in this way and we give a formal specification in RSL ([1]) of its structure and of the message passing mechanism by which responsibility is delegated. Hoang Thi Tung Lam is a UN Fellow at UNU IIST from September 1996 to May 1997. She is currently a lecturer at the Post and Telecommunications Training Centre No. 1 in Hatay, Vietnam. She studied ....

....only four local networks (0123, 012, 01, and 011) rather than the whole hierarchy are involved in determining the route. In this report we consider two main aspects of this type of communications network, and give abstract formal specifications of these using the RAISE specification language (RSL; [1]) The first of these deals with the static properties of the system, and includes abstract definitions of trunks, local networks and hierarchic networks. The second deals with the dynamic properties of the system, including how requests for connection and disconnection are processed, and how they ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....a report is requested, PCS will send the transaction data to PCA. PCA receives transaction data from PCS. Request for a transaction report can be done from PCA. 3 Development This section presents the specification in four step wise development levels using the RAISE Specification Language (RSL) [5]. RAISE has a method [4] for developing such a system in a sequence of steps. One begins with a suitable abstract specification which is intended as a model of what the system is really to offer rather than implementation details. In each step, the developer decides which design decisions are to ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, London, 1992.

....the location of images. We refer to these frames as free frames. 4 A Formal Model of Multi lingual Documents Based on the analysis presented in Section 3, we go on to develop a formal model which describes general multi lingual documents. We use the RAISE specification language (RSL; [1]) In RSL we can define the properties of a frame (entry point, line stream and rotation) via type definitions: Entry Point = left j right, Line Stream = horizontal j vertical, Rotation = fj r : Nat r 3 jg Here, the first two types are variant definitions which simply list all possible ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....of policy violation. 3 System Specification: RSL The aim of this section is to present the formal specification of the serials management system, according to the requirements outlined in Section 2. The notation used to write the specification is a subset of RSL: the RAISE Specification Language [7]. Figure 3 presents the structure of the modules that comprise the specification. Such modules are described one by one in the following sections. In particular, Sections 3.1 and 3.2 present global types and global identifiers for the whole specification. Section 3.3 contains the definition of ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....Service System 35 3.1 Specification of a General Public Service System . 38 Introduction 1 1 Introduction The four example specifications contained in this report are intended to be used as teaching examples or case studies as part of courses of lectures on RAISE [1, 2]. All four are based around the theme of Public Service Systems . A public service system (PSS) here refers to any system, mechanical or otherwise, that either provides some service or services to a queue of clients or processes some queue of clients in some way. Clients in this sense may refer ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....of different object oriented design problems. In earlier work [4] we have defined an abstract model of a general object oriented design in terms of classes, their properties, and the relationships between them, and we have formally specified this model using the RAISE specification language RSL [9]. We have also identified common properties of the classes and relationships appearing in the patterns in the GoF catalogue and we have defined these as generic RSL functions. These functions thus offer a means of checking whether (a subset of) a particular design matches a given GoF pattern. ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....of UNU IIST s MultiScript project. It explains the basic structure of multi directional, multilingual documents and some related auxiliary concepts (including how locations within such a document can be determined) and gives a formal specification of this in the RAISE specification language, RSL [6]. This modifies and extends the preliminary specification in [2, 3] The other documents in this series cover the display and printing [5] and the creation and editing [4] of such documents. Myatav Erdenechimeg worked as a UN Fellow at UNU IIST from September 1995 until August 1996 and has ....

....in the series cover the display and printing [5] and the creation and editing [4] of such documents. We begin by describing the principal components of the basic abstract model informally in Section 2, then we give a formal specification of this model in the RAISE specification language, RSL [6], in Section 3. This model is extended in Section 4 to allow the position of individual elements within the contents of a document to be specified abstractly. Finally, we give specifications in Section 5 of some general auxiliary functions which are useful in both of the companion documents. 2 ....

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The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....improve understanding of the patterns and to avoid inconsistencies, ambiguities and incompleteness which are inherent in the graphical textual notation. To this end, a formal model of a generic object oriented design has been developed [6] and specified using the RAISE specification language RSL [11]. This formalises the various components which are found in the extended OMT notation used in the GoF catalogue and also separates the design from the patterns. Various common properties of the GoF design patterns are then specified in this model as generic RSL functions, and these, appropriately ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....is being used correctly. Following the goal of Pattern Based Design, there should be applied the design principle of rigour and formality, in order to state a solution and to enhance such quality attributes as well. With this in mind, we have developed in the RAISE Specification Language RSL [5], a formal basis for object oriented design where patterns may be applied [6] which fits the definition of a metamodel acoording to [18] In addition properties of each pattern in the GoF catalogue have been formally specified in [7,8,9] Thus, providing a more precise notation can improve ....

....In addition, we have specified the meaning behind the notation: hierarchical properties, meaningful relationships between both variables and relation names, and description of method s functionality. Building blocks of the formal model were specified by using the RAISE specification language RSL[5]. See [6] for details and [11] for full specification. For its main constituents were used RSL build in types as maps, lists, sets and variant records. According to [18] our formal model is a metamodel as long as it is a model of models. The RSL specification of the Formal Model of OOD was ....

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The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series, Prentice Hall, 1992.

....where read and write frames are seeen as advanced information about the state accesses that will be made by the implementing code, it is not appropriate to allow the write frame to be weakened as this would introduce non write respecting implementations. This is also the approach taken in RAISE [RLG92] although there, syntactic checks for non writing are augmented by dynamic ones because of need to evaluate indices into arrays before disjointness of variables can be decided. 44 Again this decision is embodied by the lack of a proof rule. This time we do not have a rule allowing the expansion ....

....as providing a binding for the variables in the precondition and postcondition rather than a constraint on the implementing code. A similar aproach is taken in Morgan s Refinement Calculus[Mor90] where write frames indicate unchanged variables and there is no explicit read frame. In RAISE [RLG92, GP92] the read and write frames do play a role in the proof theory as syntactic constraints on the assignments allowable by implementations. In B [Abr95] they also play a role as syntactic constraints. By writing operations as generalised substitutions, it is syntactically clear which ....

The Raise Language Group. The Raise Specification Language. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....However, as a state based logic, it lacks the ability to specify sequential programs and communicating concurrent processes at a concrete level. The Timed RAISE Specification Language (TRSL) XG99] has this ability. TRSL is a real time extension of the RAISE Specification Language (RSL) [Rlg92] which together with its associated method [Rmg95] and tools has shown to be very useful in the industrial development of software systems. Therefore, a promising approach for the development of real time systems could be to use DC for high level specifications of real time requirements and TRSL ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. The BCS Practitioners Series. Prentice Hall Int., 1992.

.... AREAS AREA ANCHORAGE ANCHORAGE CHANNEL CHANNELS YARDS YARD ZONE PRE STACKS PRE STACK PRE STACK ZONE PRE STACK BLOCK BERTH PART BERTH QUAY DOCK DOCKS STACK YARD BLOCK TIER PORT Figure 7: Module Structure 6 Specification The specification is written in the RAISE Specification Language (RSL) [2]. The development in this document is not carried beyond the initail applicative specification, but it follows the ideas in the RAISE method [3] 6.1 Module Structure The main modules in the specification have dependencies illustrated in figure 7 on page 12, where, for example CHANNELS depends on ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall International, 1992.

....passengers travelling under it do not displace a paying fare. The issues outlined above are examined and specified in Sections 2 and 3 respectively. In the specifications we use the formal notation of RAISE (Rigorous Approach to Industrial Software Engineering) and its specification language RSL [2] [3] 2 Future Demand Forecasting All airlines need to be able to forecast likely future demand on their route network as a whole for the purpose of long term corporate planning. They also need to be able to do the same thing for individual routes, as this can influence decisions about how these ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....of the Needham Schroeder (N S) protocol and of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol widely used on the internet. The approach and some of the theory developed is general and could be used for other protocols. The specifications are carried out using the RAISE Specification Language (RSL) [7] and were proved with the RAISE justification editor. The remainder of this paper is organised as follows. Section 2 informally introduces the N S protocol. Section 3 presents the formal specification of the protocol, including sub sections 3.1 that specifies what we mean for the protocol to be ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....to implement them. The stages are considered in Sections 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Section 5 is about abstraction and Section 6 contains conclusions. Throughout the paper we apply the formal notation of RAISE (Rigorous Approach to Industrial Software Engineering) and its specification language RSL [3]. 2 Market Without Marketing Consider a single product and a number of players on the market for this product, some willing to buy (Consumer) and others to sell (Supplier) We declare these entities as abstract types, supplemented with functions to buy (buy) and sell (sell) products. For now we ....

....For now we ignore the issues which could constrain such functions, like how many products a supplier can actually sell, or how many products a consumer can afford to buy. We only require that buying selling zero number of products will leave the player unchanged. Applying an intuitive notation [3] we declare all such entities as follows (j is a union of two types) sell: Nat Theta Supplier Supplier buy(0,c) j c) sell(0,s) j s) A market is defined as a set of players. Two players on the market, one consumer and one supplier, can simultaneously transfer (sell buy) given ....

The RAISE Method Group. The RAISE Specification Language. Pr. Hall, 1992. References 21

....the airline business the range of flight routes and the frequencies of flights thereon) 3 Development of a Formal Model We now show how we can construct a formal model based on the above informal description and retaining its degree of abstraction. We use the RAISE specification language RSL ([5]) In RSL we capture abstractness related to the exact form of data by using sorts, which define just a name for the data without saying anything about its structure. Abstractness with respect to the relationships between objects is captured using under specification: the relationship is defined ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

....the standard formulae. In Section 2 of this document we explain informally how these are done and how flight effectiveness analysis is performed, then in Section 3 we give a formal description of the essential elements of flight effectiveness analysis using the RAISE specification language (RSL; [2]) 2 Elements of Flight Effectiveness Analysis There are four major components and processes of airline business which provide information relevant to flight effectiveness analysis: flight resource, cost resource, revenue resource, and computing resource. These are illustrated in Figure 2, which ....

....R) from the summary report by route. Profit chart this is simply constructed from the total cost chart and the total revenue chart. 3 A Formal Model of Flight Effectiveness Analysis We now construct a formal model based on the above informal description using the RAISE specification language RSL [2, 3]. We divide the specification into four sections corresponding to the four components of flight effectiveness analysis described in Section 2: flight management, revenue management, cost management, and flight computing management. 3.1 Flight Management We begin by giving a specification of the ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall, 1992.

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The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. Prentice Hall International, 1992.

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The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. Prentice Hall International, 1992.

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The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. Prentice Hall International, 1992.

....whereas a T coalgebra is a pair consisting of a set U and a function c : U T (U) An algebra (U; a) tells us how to construct elements in U and a coalgebra (U; c) shows the observations on U . these mathematical objects in this language. What we adopt is the RAISE Specification Language (RSL) [The92], which is one of the most versatile and comprehensive languages for formal specification, design and development of software. A significant advantage of using RSL is that it combines both algebraic and coalgebraic specification techniques in one specification language, which makes it a proper ....

....the variable definitions, the effects of the two expressions must be the same. And such an equivalence expression in a concurrent specification requires the two constituent expressions also to represent the same possible communication behavior. A more detailed interpretation for can be found in [The92]. The type Account is used for the state space of the scheme. One bank account is treated as an object with states (the type of states is Account) chosen from a class of models represented by this specification. The usual operations and observations on an account are defined as values in the ....

The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. Prentice Hall International, 1992.

.... Theta T:Date AC:CrdAccnts:DataBase Theta T:Message Theta T:Amount withdrawsFundsCrdAccnt(cus; crdp; crds; pin; cas; am; dt) j AC:debCrdAccnts (cas; CU:getACustCrdAccid(cus; CRD:getCustIdPlst(crdp) am) T:printMssge( card withdrawal ) A Customer deposits funds on a bank account. [8] depotFundsBnkAccnt : AC:BnkAccnts:DataBase Theta T:Message depotFundsBnkAccnt(cus; crdp; crds; pin; bas; am; dt) j AC:credBnkAccnts (bas; CU:getACustBnkAccid(cus; CRD:getCustIdPlst(crdp) am) T:printMssge( bank deposit ) A Customer asks for a statement of a credit card account. ....

The RAISE Language Group, The RAISE Specification Language, Prentice Hall International, 1992.

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RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practitioner Series. Prentice Hall International, 1992.

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The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. Prentice Hall International (UK), 1992.

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The RAISE Language Group. The RAISE Specification Language. BCS Practioner Series. Prentice-Hall International, Hemel Hempstead, UK, 1992.

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