HURFORD, JAMES. 1987. Language and Number: the Emergence of a Cognitive System. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....to survive over time, it must be faithfully preserved through these mappings. compositional syntax inevitable To answer this question, we need to look at how languages persist over time in the population. Language exists is two forms, both in reality and in the simulation (Chomsky 1986; Hurford 1987; Kirby 1998a) I language This is (internal) language as represented in the brains of the population. It is the language user s knowledge of language. In the simulation, the I language of an individual is completely described by its grammar. E language This is the (external) language that ....

....(internal) language as represented in the brains of the population. It is the language user s knowledge of language. In the simulation, the I language of an individual is completely described by its grammar. E language This is the (external) language that exists as utterances in the arena of use (Hurford 1987). In the simulation, we can describe E language by listing the form meaning pairs of an individual. These two types of language influence each other in profound ways. E language is a product of the I language of speakers. However, the I language of language learners is a product of the E language ....

HURFORD, JAMES. 1987. Language and Number: the Emergence of a Cognitive System. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.

....languages. It may be that the best syntactic theory is that which assumes the least level of abstraction necessary to account for productivity, seeing as it is more plausible that less abstract grammars could be produced and comprehended at the high speeds necessary during spoken conversation. Hurford (1987) has argued that not all regularities in language need be explained within an ontogenetic account. Some constructions may result from historical processes, and their internal structure need not be analyzed by individual speakers of a language, something which is easy to incorporate into a Minimum ....

Hurford, J. (1987). Language and Number The Emergence of a Cognitive System. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

....organisation emerges. Given that so little is built into the simulation, why is a compositional syntax inevitable To answer this question, we need to look at how languages persist over time in the population. Language exists is two forms, both in reality and in the simulation (Chomsky 1986; Hurford 1987; Kirby 1998a) I language This is (internal) language as represented in the brains of the population. It is the language user s knowledge of language. In the simulation, the I language of an individual is completely described by its grammar. E language This is the (external) language that ....

....(internal) language as represented in the brains of the population. It is the language user s knowledge of language. In the simulation, the I language of an individual is completely described by its grammar. E language This is the (external) language that exists as utterances in the arena of use (Hurford 1987). In the simulation, we can describe E language by listing the form meaning pairs of an individual. These two types of language influence each other in profound ways. E language is a product of the I language of speakers. However, the I language of language learners is a product of the E language ....

HURFORD, JAMES. 1987. Language and Number: the Emergence of a Cognitive System. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.

....of acquisition and use, and the processing mechanisms have a selective role in moderating the link between the competence of language users and the trigger experience of language acquirers. The essential components of this model are shown in figure 1, which is an expansion of one discussed by Hurford (1987:20 53) Where there are variants or doublets available to speakers or hearers there is the potential for selection of a subset of those variants by either the speaker or hearer, and this process of selection is influenced by processing considerations, in this model. Notice that there is an ....

Hurford, James R. 1987. Language and Number: the Emergence of a Cognitive System.

....emerges. Given that so little is built into the simulation, why is syntax inevitable To answer this question, we need to understand how the languages of the individuals in the population change over time. Language exists in two forms both in the simulation, and in reality (Chomsky 1986; Hurford 1987; Kirby 1998) I language This is (internal) language as represented in the brains of the population. It is the language user s knowledge of language. In the simulation, the I language of an individual is completely described by its PAG. E language This is the (external) language that exists as ....

....is (internal) language as represented in the brains of the population. It is the language user s knowledge of language. In the simulation, the I language of an individual is completely described by its PAG. E language This is the (external) language that exists as utterances in the arena of use (Hurford 1987). In the simulation, we can describe E language by listing the form meaning pairs of an individual. These two types of language are clearly made of very different stuff, but influence each other in profound ways. E language can clearly be seen as a product of the I language of speakers. However, ....

HURFORD, JAMES. 1987. Language and Number: the Emergence of a Cognitive System. Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell.

....the work was also supported by a research grant (R000 23 7551) from the UK Economic and Social Research Council. I thank Simon Kirby and Mike Oliphant for stimulation and advice. 2 The terms E language and I language were introduced by Chomsky (1986) the Arena of Use is discussed by Hurford (1987, 1991) the evolution of simple languages in a community. The framework of these computer models is described below. 1.1 Speaking invention and hearing acquisition The simulated communities start with no language at all. What permits a shared communication system to get off the ground is the ....

Hurford, James R., 1987 Language and Number: The emergence of a cognitive system, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.

....way of eliminating the worst wh extractions from the range of possible languages, hence the subjacency condition becomes part of our innate LAD. 3 Glossogenetic functionalism An alternative explanation for the origin of particular language universals can be termed glossogenetic functionalism 3 [21, 23, 24, 20]. In this approach, the constraints on variation are not assumed to arise directly from the structure of our innate language learning mechanism. Instead, the universals emerge over a historical cultural timescale from the process of language acquisition and use. This type of explanation relies on ....

....that language learner does not necessarily converge on the same grammatical system as the adults in the population. Crucially, the triggering experience that the learner uses will not accurately reflect the linguistic competence of the adults because it is filtered through the arena of use [20]. There are various pressures that operate during communication that will have a selective effect on the different linguistic variants that are being transmitted from generation to generation. In earlier work [23, 25, 22] Kirby has shown that the selective effect of the parser in the cycle of ....

James Hurford. Language and Number: the Emergence of a Cognitive System. Basil Blackwell, Cambridge, MA, 1987.

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James Hurford. Language and Number: the Emergence of a Cognitive System. Basil Blackwell, Cambridge, MA, 1987.

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