| Lawton, C.A., Charleston, S.I., & Zieles, A.S. (1996). Individual and gender-related differences in indoor wayfinding. Environment and Behavior, 28(2), 204219. |
....of the known gender differences in spatial abilities and navigation strategies [17,19,27,31] with most reports documenting male advantages in spatial tasks. In fact, authors such as Kimura [19] have argued that some of these differences may be biologically based. Several individual experiments [6,22] have explored these gender differences in various situations and present results that support these hypotheses. For example, Voyer et al. 34] provide a meta analysis on the magnitude and consistency of cognitive gender differences using a variety of spatial ability measures. Interestingly, they ....
Lawton, C.A., Charleston, S.I., & Zieles, A.S. (1996). Individual and gender-related differences in indoor wayfinding. Environment and Behavior, 28(2), 204219.
....When people are asked to explain how they traverse routes a substantial number of them will give piloting instructions. These self described pilots seem to be pure pilots, for they are rather poor at tasks that require maintenance of bearing, such as pointing to a distant, unseen object (Lawton, 1994, 1996). People can continue as pure pilots, without acquiring bearing information, for a long time. In a widely cited study Thorndyke and Hayes Roth (1982) found that people might work in a building for several months before they were able to perform a pointing task reliably. This estimate may have been ....
....the acquisition of configurational information outside of a test setting. Settings studied include retention of information after examining a scene (Arthur, Hancock, Chrysler, 1997) exploring an area (Matthews, 1987) and traversing a pre specified route (Anooshian Young, 1981; Lawton, 1994, Lawton, Charleston, Zieles, 1996). The male advantage in acquiring configurational information may at least partly be due to a difference in the strategy used during wayfinding. Men report noticing bearings to landmarks, while women report strategies that depend on describing control points and noticing cues to the route, such as ....
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Lawton, C. A.. Charleston, S. I., & Zieles, A. S. (1996). Individual and gender-related differences in indoor wayfinding. Environment and Behavior, 28 (2), 204-219.
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