| Turkle S, Papert S (1990) Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16(1) Winograd T (1996) Bringing Design to Software. ACM Press, New York |
....on whether women leave the undergraduate computer science major at higher rates than men leave. A Study of Departmental Characteristics and Practices The research reported here differs from most previous research on this or the related topic of women in science, mathematics, and engineering [4, 6, 12], in that it included many institutions and it analyzed outcomes for departments rather than individual students. Inclusion of multiple departments means that the findings of this research are more likely to apply to CS departments in general. Taking the department as the unit of study made it ....
Turkle, S. and Papert, S. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16, 1 (
.... to a specific purpose: Norman 1988) s thesis is countered by discussions of the bricoleur who collects objects and adapts them to various purposes as the need arises; the purpose may very well differ from that for which the object was originally designed (Levi Strauss 1966, Pirsig 1984 [1974] Turkle and Papert 1990). This human capability to reinvent mandates allowance of a range of creative, unpredictable uses for any given object, but does not deny that an object may indeed also be useful for whatever purpose its designer may have intended or desired. The rudimentary design principles considered here rely ....
....or, at the adult level, manipulations performed upon symbols in accordance with specific rules of a calculus. Beth and Piaget 1966, p. xvi) Thus actions with objects doing things to and with objects may constitute a crucial aspect of learning and other kinds of emotionalized thinking. (Turkle and Papert 1990) assert that many people of all ages prefer thinking with objects, moreso or rather than with abstractions. Objects may facilitate transitions from one thought to another, or one emotional state to another, at any age; furthermore the thinking may pertain to any topic. Perhaps those who prefer ....
Turkle, S., and Papert, S. 1990. Epistemological Pluralism: Styles and Voices within the Computer Culture. Signs 16(1).
....needs are analyzed, constraints are determined, and an optimization process used to guide the solution (see for example [2] While professional designer use these practices, there is growing evidence that this is not the preferred working style for many designers. For example, Turkle and Papert [8] revive Levi Strauss term bricolage to describe a bottomup method of designing software: While hierarchy and abstraction are valued by the structured programmers planner s heuristic, bricoleur programmers prefer negotiation and rearrangment of their materials. Donald Schon, the design ....
Sherry Turkle and Seymour Papert. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs, 16(1), 1990.
....the Computational Metaphor 7 The traditional computational metaphor is also problematic as a guiding epistemology. In our classrooms, certain styles of thinking and understanding are discouraged for deviating from the unrelenting sequentialism of the computational metaphor. Turkle (1984; Turkle and Papert 1990) studied how programming is presented as a rigidly linear, sequential, and logical process. For some students those she identifies as bricoleurs or tinkerers this way of decomposing problems is uncomfortable. These students prefer to experiment with partial programs, piecing them together to ....
....is that it reaches out to those whose natural epistemological styles may not accord well with the purely hierarchical, functional, black box based approaches common in the traditional paradigm. When we interact with our code, we are performing exactly the sort of experimental tinkering that Turkle and Papert (1990) report as a style disenfranchised by traditional approaches to computer programming. This style of experimentation is not a part of the traditional means end goal oriented problem solving representative of the sequential metaphor. Nonetheless, this experimental style is precisely what is needed ....
Turkle, Sherry, and Seymour Papert. 1990. Epistemological Pluralism: Styles and Voices within the Computer Culture. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 16(1): 128-157.
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Turkle S, Papert S (1990) Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16(1) Winograd T (1996) Bringing Design to Software. ACM Press, New York
No context found.
Turkle S, Papert S (1990) Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16(1) Winograd T (1996) Bringing Design to Software. ACM Press, New York
No context found.
Turkle S, Papert S (1990) Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16(1) Winograd T (1996) Bringing Design to Software. ACM Press, New York
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Turkle, S., and S. Papert. 1990. "Epistemological Pluralism: Styles and Voices Within the Computer Culture." Signs 16, 1(1990), Chicago University Press.
No context found.
Turkle, S., and Papert, S.: 1990, Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture, Signs 16(1).
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Turkle, S., and Papert, S. 1990. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture.
No context found.
Turkle, S., and S. Papert. 1990. "Epistemological Pluralism: Styles and Voices Within the Computer Culture." Signs 16, 1(1990), Chicago University Press.
No context found.
Turkle, S., and S. Papert. 1990. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16:1, Chicago Univ. Press.
No context found.
Turkle, S., and S. Papert. 1990. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16:1.
No context found.
Turkle, S., and Papert, S. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16:1, 1990.
No context found.
Turkle, S., Papert, S. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16:1, 1990.
No context found.
Turkle, S., and S. Papert. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16:1 (1990).
No context found.
Turkle, S., and S. Papert. Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs 16:1, 1990, Chicago University Press, 128-33.
No context found.
Turkle, S., & Papert, S. 1990. "Epistemological Pluralism: Styles and Voices Within the Computer Culture." Signs 16,1. Chicago Univ. Press.
No context found.
Turkle, S., & Papert, S. (1990). Epistemological pluralism: Styles and voices within the computer culture. Signs, 16(1).
No context found.
Turkle, S., Papert, S. (1991). Epistemological Pluralism: Styles and Voices Within the Computer Culture. In I. Harel, S. Papert (Eds.), Constructionism. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
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