A. Z. Spector and M. L. Kazar. Wide area file service and the AFS experimental system. Unix Review, 7(3), March 1989.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....file system, which is often implicitly tied to a single administrative domain. NFS [14] for example, assumes that a given user has the same identity (e.g. the Unix uid) on all machines, making it difficult to scale it across administrative boundaries. Wide area file systems do exist (e.g. AFS [13, 18]) but are not commonly available in standard machine configurations, and hence would be difficult to build upon in grids. In order to deliver computing as a service in a scalable manner, it is necessary to effect a fundamental change in the manner in which users, data, and applications are ....

A. Z. Spector and M. L. Kazar. Wide area file service and the AFS experimental system. Unix Review, 7(3), March 1989.

....a local file system, which is often implicitly tied to a single administrative domain. NFS [13] for example, assumes that a given user has the same identity (e.g. the Unix uid) on all machines, making it difficult to scale it across administrative boundaries. Wide area file systems (e.g. AFS [12, 15]) do exist, but they are not commonly deployed. In order to deliver computing as a service in a scalable manner, it is necessary to effect a fundamental change in the manner in which users, data, and applications are associated with computing systems and administrative domains. This change can be ....

A. Z. Spector and M. L. Kazar. Wide area file service and the AFS experimental system. Unix Review, 7(3), March 1989.

....cache (in seconds) KBytes read Network Usage: KBytes read Figure 9. Network Usage KBytes read. executable which can then be used for caching. Equivalent functionality could be obtained if all the cluster resources in the system ran a distributed file system that supports caching AFS [18], for example. However, given that in a wide area computing environment these cluster resources are typically owned by independent entities and operated in different administrative domains, this approach is not always feasible, and operating system and file system independent approaches must be ....

A. Z. Spector and M. L. Kazar. Wide area file service and the AFS experimental system. Unix Review, 7(3), March 1989.

....our data does not expose any obvious impediments to further growth of the system. While asymptotic limits to growth are inevitable, they do not appear to be just around the corner. 2. AFS Background The rationale, detailed design, and evolution of AFS have been well documented in previous papers [2, 5, 9, 10, 11, 15]. In this section, we only provide enough details of the current version of AFS (AFS 3) to make the rest of the paper understandable. Using a set of trusted servers, AFS presents a location transparent Unix file name space to clients. Files and directories are cached on the local disks of clients ....

....system administrators and users. Each cell is a completely autonomous environment. But a federation of cells can cooperate in presenting users with a uniform, seamless file name space. The ability to decompose a distributed system into cells simplifies delegation of administrative responsibility [15]. As originally designed, AFS was intended for a LAN. However, the RPC protocol currently used in AFS has been designed to perform well both on LANs as well as on wide area networks. In conjunction with the cell mechanism, this has made possible shared access to a common, world wide file system ....

Spector, A.Z., Kazar, M.L., Wide Area File Service and the AFS Experimental System. Unix Review, Vol. 7, No. 3, March 1989.

....does not expose any obvious impediments to further growth of the system. While asymptotic limits to growth are inevitable, they do not appear to be just around the corner. 2 Background 2. 1 Design The rationale, detailed design, and evolution of AFS have been well documented in previous papers [5, 10, 15, 16, 17, 25]. In this section, we provide just enough detail of the current version of AFS (AFS 3) to make the rest of the paper understandable. Using a set of trusted servers, AFS presents a location transparent Unix file name space to clients. Files and directories are cached on the local disks of clients ....

....system administrators and users. Each cell is a completely autonomous environment. But a federation of cells can cooperate in presenting users with a uniform, seamless file name space. The ability to decompose a distributed system into cells simplifies delegation of administrative responsibility [25]. As originally designed, AFS was intended for a LAN. However, the RPC protocol currently used in AFS has been designed to perform well both on LANs as well as on wide area networks. In conjunction with the cell mechanism, this has made possible shared access to a common, worldwide file system ....

Spector, A.Z., Kazar, M.L., Wide Area File Service and the AFS Experimental System. Unix Review, Vol. 7, No. 3, March 1989.

.... The size of the output of a one way hash function is small relative to the input; for example, the MD5 hash function s output is 128 bits [77] Host integrity checking is different for the cases of stand alone workstations and networked workstations with access to distributed services such as AFS [91] or Athena [5] While publicly accessible stand alone workstations have fewer avenues of attack, there are also fewer options for countering attacks. I concurrently examine both cases: Performing the necessary integrity checks with a secure coprocessor can solve the host integrity problem. Because ....

Alfred Z. Spector and Michael L. Kazar. Wide area file service and the AFS experimental system. Unix Review, 7(3), March 1989.

.... and throughput resulting from disk arrays [Kim86, Salem86, Livny87, Patterson88, Reddy89] and in write performance derived from buffered write behind and the Log structured File System [Rosenblum91] The development of distributed file systems operating over networks with diverse bandwidth [Spector89, Satya85, Nelson88] only exacerbates the problem. In this paper, we argue that prefetching based on application level information is a feasible and effective strategy for reducing file access read latency in both local and network file systems. This paper presents Transparent Informed Prefetching (TIP) as a ....

Spector, A.Z., Kazar, M.L., "Wide Area File Service and The AFS Experimental System, " Unix Review, V 7 (3), March, 1989.

.... from disk arrays [Patterson88] and in write performance derived from buffered writebehind and the Log structured File System [Rosenblum91] The access gap problem limiting improvements in read latency is exacerbated by distributed file systems operating over networks with diverse bandwidth [Spector89, Satyanarayanan85]. In this paper, we focus on extending the power of caching and prefetching to reduce file read latencies by exploiting hints from high levels of a system. We describe such Transparent Informed Prefetching, TIP, and its benefits. We argue that hints that disclose high level knowledge are a means ....

Spector, A.Z., Kazar, M.L., "Wide Area File Service and The AFS Experimental System," Unix Review, V 7 (3), March, 1989.

....on disk must be verified to be unaltered since the last system release. 2 There are two main cases to examine. The first is that of stand alone workstations that are not connected to any networks, and the second is that of a networked workstations with access to distributed services such as AFS[53] or Athena[3] While publicly accessible stand alone workstations have fewer avenues of attack, there are also fewer options for countering attacks as well. We will examine both cases concurrently in the following discussion. One model which solves the host integrity problem is that of using a ....

Alfred Z. Spector and Michael L. Kazar. Wide area file service and the AFS experimental system. Unix Review, 7(3), March 1989.

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A. Z. Spector and M. L. Kazar, "Wide area file service and the AFS experimental system," Unix Rev.,vol. 7, no. Mar. 1989.

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