Doerr, Venturella, Jha, Gill, and Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," 18th IEEE/AIAA DASC, St. Louis, Oct. 1999.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....integration job, which remains an ongoing area of interest in subsequent DARPA programs. Figure 3 illustrates our general concept of middleware and some of the key layers we are using to organize the technology integration activities. Based on our prototyping and benchmarking activities to date [6, 11], the integrated components enable an unprecedented degree of dynamic application level control and adaptability to varying conditions typically found in both embedded and Internet environments. In turn, these integrated capabilities enable a new generation of applications whose resource ....

B.S. Doerr et al. Adaptive scheduling for real-time embedded information systems. In Proc. 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Syst. Conf., 1999.

....a given application has di#erent execution times on di#erent machines, but all applications have the same execution time on a given machine. Our work does not make this assumption, and is more general. In one way our work can be regarded as complementing the e#orts in the DeSiDeRaTa [RaW01] TAO [DoV99, GiL01], and RT ARM adaptive resource manager [HuJ97] These e#orts focus on the adaptive management of the system at run time, re mapping resources in real time if necessary. Our work tries to configure the system in the lowest possible utilization state (based on the specified initial load) to ....

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive scheduling for real-time, embedded information systems," 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC '99), Vol. 1, Oct. 1999, pp. 2.D.5-1--2.D.5-9.

....at the process level and a fixed process schedule. This causes a lack of adaptability and often necessitates an underutilization of available resources, problems that can be addressed with advanced real time communication services such as dynamic scheduling and adaptive resource management [21] [23] (these are described later in this article) Furthermore, while these tools facilitate reuse at the component level, there are tremendous opportunities for also reusing common ways of integrating and reconfiguring components across similar control applications. These should be exploited. Open ....

....when a critical mission replanning task is being performed to avoid a threat. To support these needs, Boeing is currently extending the core OCP to incorporate recent advances in dynamic scheduling from Washington University [21] and adaptive resource management from Honeywell Laboratories [22] [23]. By using dynamic scheduling algorithms in the event channel scheduler, the OCP can accommodate runtime changes in QoS requirements for events by allowing QoS specification changes to be specified and enforced at runtime. Dynamic scheduling allows runtime changes in the control system ....

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B. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. Gill, and D. Schmidt, "Adaptive scheduling for real-time, embedded information systems," in Proc. 18th Digital Avionics Systems Conf., St. Louis, MO, Oct. 1999, pp. 2.D.5/9.

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Doerr, Venturella, Jha, Gill, and Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," 18th IEEE/AIAA DASC, St. Louis, Oct. 1999.

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Doerr, Venturella, Jha, Gill, and Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," 18th IEEE/AIAA DASC, St. Louis, Oct. 1999.

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B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

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Doerr, Venturella, Jha, Gill, and Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," DASC, St. Louis, MO, Oct. 1999.

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Doerr, Venturella, Jha, Gill, and Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," 18th IEEE/AIAA DASC, St. Louis, Oct. 1999.

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B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

....cardiological and hospital services via a blackbox application template framework based on advanced patterns for communication, concurrency, and configuration for both business logic and presentation logic supporting a common look and feel throughout the medical domain. The Boeing Bold Stroke [Sha98, Doe99] architecture uses COTS hardware and middleware to produce a non proprietary, standards based component architecture for military avionics mission computing capabilities, such as navigation, display management, sensor management and situational awareness, data link management, and weapons control. ....

Doerr B., Venturella T., Jha R., Gill C., Schmidt D. "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), St. Louis, Missouri, October 1999.

....and hospital services via a blackbox application template framework based on advanced patterns for communication, concurrency, and configuration for both business logic and presentation logic supporting a common look and feel throughout the medical domain. The Boeing Bold Stroke [Sha98, Doe99] architecture uses COTS hardware and middleware to produce a nonproprietary, standards based component architecture for military avionics mission computing capabilities, such as navigation, display management, sensor management and situational awareness, data link management, and weapons ....

Doerr B., Venturella T., Jha R., Gill C., Schmidt D. "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), St. Louis, Missouri, October 1999.

....union of all these sets of rates is also harmonic. In our current research, rate reallocations are controlled by a Real Time Adaptive Resource Manager (RTARM) 10] RT ARM is a middleware service developed by Honeywell that adapts the rates of tasks according to changing environmental conditions [11]. In our previous research [1, 11] we specified that a task would have the same execution time across all rates. Our current research [12] however, has revealed uses for variable exe2 cution times across available rates. Most notably, we use variable execution times to provide finer granularity ....

....is also harmonic. In our current research, rate reallocations are controlled by a Real Time Adaptive Resource Manager (RTARM) 10] RT ARM is a middleware service developed by Honeywell that adapts the rates of tasks according to changing environmental conditions [11] In our previous research [1, 11], we specified that a task would have the same execution time across all rates. Our current research [12] however, has revealed uses for variable exe2 cution times across available rates. Most notably, we use variable execution times to provide finer granularity decomposition for execution of ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

....information; 4) dynamic adjustment to network and execution loads over longer time scales; and (5) rapid local adaptation to variable system resource availability. To realize these benefits, systems must be developed and deployed with greater application of real time adaptive software concepts [1], both in the system framework and in the specific application components themselves. Our recent work has explored further how dynamic and distributed Quality of Service (QoS) management functions can be added to avionics applications built using Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) standards and ....

....results that are used to assess the benefits and costs of these segments of the overall architecture. Architecture We have continued to refine and extend a CORBA based [2] dynamic and adaptive real time QoS management architecture whose previous evolutionary stages are described in [3] and [1]. The essential QoS management segments of the architecture are as follows: Application components designed to have minimal dependency on variable timing characteristics . Adaptive rate selection for both critical and non critical operations . Real time deadline feasibility protection for ....

Doerr, Bryan, Thomas Venturella, Rakesh Jha, Christopher Gill, Douglas Schmidt, 1999, Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time Embedded Information Systems, St. Louis, MO, 18 th IEEE/AIAA DASC

....In addition, patterns are a step towards an engineering handbook for DOC middleware. The pattern language documented in this paper has been applied to the TAO real time ORB [3] TAO has been used for a wide range of real time applications, including avionics mission computing systems at Boeing [4, 21, 22], the SAIC Run Time Infrastructure (RTI) implementation [5] for the Defense Modeling and Simulation Organization s (DMSO) High Level Architecture (HLA) 23] and high energy testbeam acquisition systems at SLAC [24] and CERN [25] The source code and documentation for the TAO ORB and its Event ....

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

....on each endsystem. Thus, it is essential to identify and develop policies and mechanisms for end to end real time admission control that address these challenges. For example, consider a sensor processing application with sampling operations and processing operations on different endsystems [6]. Depending on the environment and application state, sensor sampling operations may run at any one of a set of rates. Whenever the sampling portion of the application is ready to adapt by changing the rate at which it samples the sensor input, the following two activities must occur: Reserving ....

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

.... Low Level Abstraction 1: I O via interrupts Aircraft Sensors Figure 5: Sensor driven Avionics Mission Computing Example trol systems, provide on demand browsing capabilities for a human operator, and respond flexibly to unanticipated situational factors that arise in the run time environment [18]. Moreover, these systems must perform unobtrusively, shielding human operators from unnecessary details, while simultaneously communicating, highlighting, and responding to mission critical information in real time. The next generation applications outlined above will require a range of QoS ....

....the real world, produce stringent requirements that serve to distill the key research challenges and design forces that must be addressed by QoS research to support these applications. The following design forces characterize the key research challenges we have identified based on our R D efforts [14, 1, 17, 19, 18, 20] developing next generation avionics mission computing systems. These forces must be addressed by researchers to ensure system correctness, performance, adaptability, and adequate resource utilization. Diverse inputs: Many next generation distributed applications must simultaneously use diverse ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

.... computing systems [2] such as the sensor driven example shown in Figure 1, must collaborate with remote command and control systems, provide on demand browsing capabilities for a human operator, and respond flexibly to unanticipated situational factors that arise in the run time environment [3]. Moreover, these systems must perform unobtrusively, shielding hu1 Consumers I O Facade Sensor Proxy Sensor Proxy Sensor Proxy Sensor Proxy 1: I O via interrupts I O Facade I O Facade Event Channel 2: push (demarshaled data) Aircraft Sensors 3: push (demarshaled data) Suppliers ....

....Center, Texas A M University, and the Georgia Institute of Technology. 2 2 Synopsis of Key Research Challenges and Design Forces The following design forces characterize the key research challenges we have identified based on our work developing mission critical adaptive real time systems [1, 8, 2, 6, 3, 21]. These forces must be addressed by researchers to ensure system correctness, adaptability, and adequate resource utilization. Diverse inputs: Mission critical systems must simultaneously use diverse sources of information, such as raw sensor data, command and control directives, and operator ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

....do and why. In addition, patterns are a step toward the handbook for DOC middleware. The pattern language documented in this paper has been applied to the TAO real time ORB [3] TAO has been used for a wide range of real time applications, including avionics mission computing systems at Boeing [4, 22, 23], the SAIC Run Time Infrastructure (RTI) implementation [5] for the Defense Modeling and Simulation Organization s (DMSO) High Level Architecture (HLA) 24] and high energy testbeam acquisition systems at SLAC [25] and CERN [26] The source code and documentation for the TAO ORB and its Event ....

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999. 8

.... computing systems [2] such as the sensor driven example shown in Figure 1, must collaborate with remote command and control systems, provide on demand browsing capabilities for a human operator, and respond flexibly to unanticipated situational factors that arise in the run time environment [3]. Moreover, these systems must perform unobtrusively, shielding human operators from unnecessary details, while simultaneously communicating and responding to mission critical information at an accelerated operational tempo. The characteristics of next generation real time systems outlined above ....

....real time mission critical systems; and Section 5 presents concluding remarks. 2 Synopsis of Key Research Challenges and Design Forces The following design forces characterize the key research challenges we have identified based on our work developing mission critical adaptive real time systems [1, 8, 2, 6, 3, 21]. 2 These forces must be addressed by researchers to ensure system correctness, adaptability, and adequate resource utilization. Diverse inputs: Mission critical systems must simultaneously use diverse sources of information, such as raw sensor data, command and control directives, and operator ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

.... Next generation highly networked and interconnected distributed and embedded real time systems must collaborate with multiple remote sensors, provide on demand browsing and actuation capabilities for human operators, and respond flexibly to unanticipated situational factors that arise at run time (Doerr et al. 1999). Moreover, these systems must perform unobtrusively, shielding operators from unnecessary details, while simultaneously communicating and responding to mission critical information at an accelerated operational tempo (Levine et al. 1998) In such environments, it c fl 1999 Kluwer Academic ....

....static priority according to operation criticality can help to isolate mission critical portions of the system from the resource requirements of non critical portions. Note that these static priorities can be adaptively reconfigured at run time using TAO s reconfigurable scheduler implementation (Doerr et al. 1999). However, such reconfiguration occurs on an out of band time scale, reflecting a system mode change (Sha et al. 1989) Static queue configuration: Supporting diverse scheduling strategies requires significant in band variation in the run time enforcement of application QoS. Despite this, the ....

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Doerr, B. S., T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt: 1999, `Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems'. In: Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC).

....a synopsis of the ideas presented in this paper, along with concluding remarks. 2 Synopsis of Key Research Challenges and Design Forces The following design forces characterize the key research challenges we have identified based on our work developing mission critical adaptive real time systems [7, 13, 8, 11, 18, 19] These forces must be addressed in order to ensure system correctness, adaptability, and adequate resource utilization. Diverse inputs: Mission critical systems often must make simultaneous use of diverse sources of information, such as raw sensor data, command and control directives, and ....

....other more productive activities, and it is reasonable to allow that the overhead for failure notification be avoided in such cases, as well. Therefore, we cast exception propagation as a desirable capability, rather than a mandatory one. 3. 3 Necessary Exclusions Based on our previous experience [7, 13, 8, 11, 18, 19] developing a wide range of real time applications on QoS enabled middleware, we believe it is necessary to make the following exclusions to preserve the flexibility of developers to build correct implementations of diverse features for mission critical adaptive real time systems: Attribute ....

B. S. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. D. Gill, and D. C. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," in Proceedings of the 18th IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), Oct. 1999.

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B. Doerr, T. Venturella, R. Jha, C. Gill, and D. Schmidt, "Adaptive Scheduling for Real-time, Embedded Information Systems," 18th IEEE/AIAA DASC, St. Louis, Oct. 1999.

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