| R. Simmons, "An architecture for co- ordinating, planning, sensing, and action," In Proceedings DARPA Planning Workshop, San Diego, CA, 1990, pp. 292-297. 31 |
....foremost; the extra time necessary to build accurate navigation maps will have a severe impact on the overall science return. Many architectures have been proposed for autonomous robots, relying largely on artificial intelligence techniques for merging high level and reactive control of the rover [10,11,12,13,14]. Very few architectures address the issues arising in remote, planetary rovers [15,16,17] In general, the architectures fail in the areas of understandability or safety. The more complex AI techniques that promise higher levels of autonomous operations often come with no guarantee on behavior, ....
R. Simmons, "An architecture for coordinating planning, sensing and action," in Innovative Approaches to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, pp. 292-297, 1990.
.... not as a model of human intelligence [Brooks91] For such a critique, see [Kirsh91] The years following the introduction of Subsumption in 1986 saw a profusion of new robot control architectures, some developed more or less independently (e.g. Kaelbling88] Soldo90] Arkin90] Georgeff87] Simmons90] and others introduced as a direct response to Subsumption s shortcomings (e.g. Rosenblatt89] One of the first robots to be built using one of these latter alternatives was Tooth [Gat94] which was completed in the summer of 1989 [Angle89] Tooth was a small robot (30 cm by 20 cm) with simple ....
Reid Simmons. "An Architecture for Coordinating Planning, Sensing and Action." Proceedings of the DARPA Workshop on Innovative Approaches to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 1990.
....architecture for generating behavior at non conscious levels as well as the conscious level (or at different levels in general) and for having different level behaviors interact in an asynchronous fashion. It also lacks our multi level representations. Simmons s Task Control Architecture (TCA) [Simmons 1990] interleaves planning and acting by adding delay planning constraints to postpone refinement of planning until exe188 cution. For example, a plan for a robot to collect used cups for trash is decomposed into: navigate to the cup; pick it up; navigate to trash bin; deposit the cup. Since the robot ....
Simmons, Reid (1990), "An architecture for coordinating planning, sensing, and action", In Proceedings the DARPA workshop, 292--297.
.... real time AI focuses either on restricted AI techniques that have predictable performance characteristics [4, 19, 23] or on reactive systems that retain little of the power of traditional AI [1, 5] Several researchers are investigating systems which combine reactive and traditional AI methods [2, 14, 31, 35]. These approaches have concentrated on retaining both reactive and unpredictable mechanisms, but do not address the guarantees required by hard real time tasks. To combine unrestricted AI techniques with the ability to make hard performance guarantees, we propose a Cooperative Intelligent ....
....CIRCA s AIS and Scheduler can provide similar functionality by monitoring the RTS, as mentioned in Section 4.5. AuRA does not address the timeliness or resource restrictions that are the focus of our architecture. Simmons Task Control Architecture (TCA) also combines reactive and planning systems [35, 37]. Although TCA does not provide execution time guarantees, it does reason about its limited sensor capabilities, and is intended to derive sensing parameters (such as frequency) from a causal explanation of the sensing behavior and environment. This corresponds directly to CIRCA s reasoning about ....
R. Simmons, "An Architecture for Coordinating Planning, Sensing, and Action," in Proc. Workshop on Innovative Approaches to Planning, Scheduling and Control, pp. 292--297, November 1990.
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R. Simmons, "An architecture for co- ordinating, planning, sensing, and action," In Proceedings DARPA Planning Workshop, San Diego, CA, 1990, pp. 292-297. 31
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Simmons, R., "An Architecture for Coordinating Planning, Sensing and Action ", Proc. of IEEE Workshop on Planning, Scheduling and Control, pp. 292-297, 1990.
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R. Simmons, "An architecture for coordinating, planning, sensing, and action," In Proceedings DARPA Planning Workshop, San Diego, CA, 1990, pp. 292-297. UTAP/WD Standard Interface Environment
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