P. Traverse. AIRBUS and ATR System Architecture and Specification. In U. Voges, editor, Software Diversity in Computerized Control Systems. Springer Verlag, 1988.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

.... started more than thirty years ago with the design of the STAR computer [2] and the two projects SIFT [3] and FTMP [4] These projects were carefully evaluated and gave rise to new designs about ten years later: FTPP [5] MAFT [6] and the architectural concepts of the AIRBUS flight control system [7]. In 1992 the first paper on SAFEbus [8] the architecture that was later deployed in the Boeing 777 aircraft for flight control, became available. In excellent publications by Lala [9] Avizienis [10] and the books by Rechtin [11] and Laprie [12] the fundamental concepts and architectural ....

P. Traverse. AIRBUS and ATR System Architecture and Specification. In U. Voges, editor, Software Diversity in Computerized Control Systems. Springer Verlag, 1988.

....instance with software based safety protection systems substituting hardwired ones. Design diversity was thus adopted in some industrial sectors (aerospace and rail transportation) as software was beginning to be used for safety critical functions. Examples include the Airbus A320 30 40 aircraft [Traverse 1988], Briere Traverse 1993] various railway signalling and control systems [Hagelin 1988] Mongardi 1993] Turner et al. 1987] Kantz Koza 1995] Lindeberg 1993] The adoption of diversity has been limited, though, by doubts about its costs and about its effectiveness, which we will discuss ....

P. J. Traverse, "AIRBUS and ATR System Architecture and Specification", in Software diversity in computerized control systems (U. Voges, Ed.), 2, pp.95-104, Springer-Verlag, 1988.

.... software design diversity [Avi82] Design diversity is applicable to tolerate design faults in hardware as well [Avi77a, Avi82] Some multichannel systems with diverse hardware and software have been built; they include the flight control computers for the Boeing 737 300 [Wil83] and the Airbus [Tra88] airliners. Variations of the diversity concept have been widely employed in technology and in human affairs. Examples in technology are: a mechanical linkage backing up an electrical system to operate aircraft control surfaces, an analog system standing by for a primary digital system that guides ....

....of f t EE functions into diverse VLSI circuit implementations. A few two and three version systems that employ diverse hardware and software have been designed and built. They include the flight control computers for the Boeing 737 300 [Wil83] the ATR.42, Airbus A 310, and A 320 aircraft [Tra88]. Proposed THE METHODOLOGY OF N VERSION PROGRAMMING 41 designs for the flight control computer of the planned Boeing 7J7 are the three version GEC Avionics design [Hil88] and the four version MAFT system [Wal88] A different concept of multilevel systems with fault tolerant interfaces was ....

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P. Traverse. AIRBUS and ATR system architecture and specification, pages 95--104. In

....engineering, or even the clean room approach [Dye88] A qualitative design diversity metric is proposed in Table 1. This assessment of diversity is an initial effort based on the experiences gained from previous NVP experiments and implementations [CA78, AK84, KA83, GV79, BEB 86, ABHM85, Tra88] implementors languages tools algorithms methodologies specification higher higher lower higher lower design higher lower lower higher higher coding higher higher lower higher higher testing lower lower higher lower higher Table 1: A Qualitative Design Diversity Metric. This table ....

P. Traverse. Airbus and atr system architecture and specification. In U. Voges, editor, Software Diversity in Computerized Control Systems, pages 95--104. SpringerVerlag /Wien, 1988.

....concern for our society for the 1990 s and beyond. Consequently, computer systems that are used for critical applications are designed to tolerate both software and hardware faults by executing multiple software versions on redundant hardware. Many such examples exist in the aerospace industry [27, 13, 25], nuclear power industry [19, 2, 26] and ground transportation industry [9] The system architectures incorporating both hardware and software fault tolerance are explored in three typical approaches. The Distributed Recovery Blocks (DRB) scheme [12] combines both distributed processing and ....

P. Traverse. AIRBUS and ATR System Architecture and Specification. Software Diversity in Computerized Control Systems, U. Voges (ed.), Austria, Springer-Verlag/Wien, pages 95--104, 1988.

....engineering, or even the clean room approach[14] A qualitative design diversity metric is proposed in Table 1. This assessment of diversity is an initial effort based on the experiences gained from previous experiments at UCLA[4] 5] 15] and published work from other sites[12] 13] 16] [17]. ###################################################### imple lan algo methodmentors guages tools rithms ologies ###################################################### ###################################################### spec. higher higher lower higher lower ....

P. Traverse, "AIRBUS and ATR System Architecture and Specification," in Software Diversity in Computerized Control Systems, ed. U. Voges, pp. 95-104, Springer-Verlag/Wien, Austria, 1988.

....maintained by the feedback of the data from the plant. At present, most of the industrial applications of design diversity fall into the class where consistent comparisons are not a major issue. For example the rail interlocking system [Hag87] operates on binary data, while the Airbus controller [Tra87] is an example of continuous control where consistency is checked within some window. Actually the Airbus design utilises the concept of a diverse self checking pair one diverse computer monitors the other and shutdown occurs if the diverse pair disagrees outside some window. On shut down the ....

P. Traverse, "Airbus and ATR System Architecture and Specification", Software Diversity in Computerised Control Systems, U. Voges, Ed., Springer Verlag, 1988

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