D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time Vision-Based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In D. Thalmann, editor, ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, New York, NY, 1997. ACM Press.  Home/Search   Document Details and Download   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....Widgets: Interacting in Every day Spaces Jerry Alan Fails, Dan Olsen, Jr. Computer Science Department Brigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 failsj, olsen cs.byu. edu Abstract This paper describes a system for ubiquitous interaction that does not require users to carry any physical devices. In this system, the environment is instrumented with camera processor combinations that watch users while protecting their privacy. Any ....

....advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and or a fee. IUI 02, January 13 16, 2002, San Francisco, California, USA. Copyright 2002 ACM 1 58113 459 2 02 0001. 5.00. touting through it and augmenting the view with digitized information. There are yet other systems like the Gesture Pendant [13] that require the user to carry a device with them that does gesture recognition, but still manipulate digital data. We are not trying to ....

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Koller, D., Klinker, G., Rose, E., Breen, D. Whitaker, R and Tuceryan M. "Real-time Vision-based Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications." Proceedings of the Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST-97), Lusanne, Switzerland, Sept 1997, 87-94.

....[4] does, our experience is that people love to tinker with the tools available and they can create aesthetically pleasing designs. Our framework is open and extensible to incorporate advanced painting and paint simulation, as well as combination with sophisticated vision based tracking methods [14, 17] and a deformable object modeler, to produce, for instance, a spatially augmented simulation of sculpting with clay[19] Medical and Cosmetic. Introducing Spatially Augmented Reality Painting instead of the HMD based systems currently used in medical AR research [3, 29] might seem radical, but if ....

.... of acquiring a model for an object before using it with our system can be avoided by using cameras and structured light to acquire scene geometry in real time as described in [25] Cameras can also be used for vision based tracking of the object, especially since its geometry is known[14, 17]. Since by definition our system requires the presence of a real physical object, it does not support scaling or multi resolution painting, a limitation when compared to other painting systems for virtual reality. Projection: Dynamic blending in real time in regions where multiple projectors ....

D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time Vision-Based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In D. Thalmann, editor, ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, New York, NY, 1997. ACM Press.

....1.3 Applications 1.3.1 Robotic Optical trackers are used in robotic applications: 10, 16, 15] 1.3.2 Monitoring Optical trackers are used in Monitoring persons in crowded and or unknown environments: 5, 25] 1.3. 3 Augmented Reality Optical trackers are used in augmented reality applications: [1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 31, 33, 32] Chapter 2 Conclusion We have presented and enumerated optical tracking systems which are available either commercially (end user systems ready to use) or free (most softwares have to be adapted to the needs of the user) Most techniques (related to vision based systems) presented here are ....

D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Realtime Vision-Based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, pages 87--94, Lausanne, Switzerland, Septmber 1997.

....targets or beacons. For indoor applications, a minimal set of calibrated passive targets (fiducials) appear practical and prudent if they, in turn, facilitate robust and accurate tracking. Many systems adopt this approach [Kim97] Neum96] Stat96] Madr96] Mell95] Kutu96] Reki97] Klin97] [Koll97]. From a practical and engineering standpoint, colored circle stickers make good fiducials for several reasons. They are inexpensive to produce on color inkjet or laser printers. A 2D ellipse models their projection from any viewpoint. The circles represent points, so small stickers suffice, ....

D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. hitaker, and M. Tuceryan, Real-time VisionBased Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications, Proceedings of the Symposium on VRST, Lausanne, Switzerland, September, 1997, pp. 87-94

....by Madritsch and Gervautz [6] Their hardware system consists of two Silicon Graphics Indy Workstations with CCD cameras and infrared LEDs. They apply a standard calibration, which was presented for example by Tsai [7] and which includes parameters for radial lens distortion. Koller et al. [8] use a single PAL CCD camera. Based on a method using an initial calibration in order to estimate the camera s position, they are able to apply collision detection methods while the user is interacting with virtual objects. The calibration includes the estimation of an internal camera parameter, ....

Koller D, Klinker G, Rose E, Breen D, Whitaker R, Tuceryan M. Real-time vision-based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST-97), Lausanne, Switzerland, September 15}17, 1997. p. 87}94.

....they tend to drift. Promising are hybrid tracking systems, combining inertial tracking with static positioning measurements and computer vision components. 1. 3 The Role of Computer Vision Many AR systems employ computer vision techno logy for achieving the required registration precision, e.g. [6]) The approach in most cases is to detect visual features which have a known position, and recover camera orientation and position through a matching or pose recovery process. Indoor AR applications often use fiducial markers for visual tracking [3] 8] Visual landmark tracking, combined with ....

Koller, D., Klinker, G., Rose, E., Breen, D., Whitaker, R., and Tuceryan, M. Real-time vision-based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In Proc. of VRST '97 (Lausanne, Switzerland, Sept. 1997).

....tracking algorithm. We acquire a video image, apply a gradient operator, predict the motion based on the previous observation and finally optimize the camera parameters to ensure that the model projects where it should. An alternative approach would have been to track specific eatures or targets [8]. However, as shown in Fig. 4, the real player may hide substantial areas o the board. Occlusions can become severe, resulting in the loss o many eatures. In our approach, because we integrate over the whole wire rame model, as long as a su#cient portion o the board is seen, this does not appear ....

D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D.E. Breen, R.T. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time VisionBased Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications. In ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, pages 87--94, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 1997.

....algorithm. We acquire a video image, apply a gradient operator, predict the motion based on the previous observation and finally optimize the camera parameters to ensure that the model projects where it should. An alternative approach would have been to track specific features or targets [8]. However, as shown in Fig. 4, the real player may hide substantial areas of the board. Occlusions can become severe, resulting in the loss of many features. In our approach, because we integrate over the whole wireframe model, as long as a su#cient portion of the board is seen, this does not ....

D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D.E. Breen, R.T. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time VisionBased Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications. In ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, pages 87--94, Lausanne, Switzerland, September 1997.

....latter includes a variety of features, such as colored shapes, reflective markers, or even natural features like edges and corners. Various combinations are represented in Tab l e 2 . 1 . 31 Landmark type Sensor type Active Passive 2D image forming [NDI98] State96a] Selspot98] Neumann98] Koller97] AOA98] 2D non image forming [Ward92] Welch96] Kim97] 1D image forming [Fuchs77] IGT98] 1D non image forming Table 2.1: Fitting together sensor and landmark technologies to build optical tracking systems. This work uses 2D imaging technology and projective geometry to create a 1D ....

....involving the parameters of the pose of the camera or system of cameras. Numerous vision based tracking systems have recently appeared in the literature, using as landmarks LED [Bajura95, Madritsch96] colored circles [State96a] or colored circles and triangles [Neumann96] or black squares [Koller97] An example of a triangulation algorithm is given in Figure 2.6. Another variation is to determine the direction cosines of a landmark with respect to a photodetector. This approach is used in the UNM tracker [Kim97] Using the direction cosines, a series of tetrahedra can be formed. This is ....

Koller, D., Klinker, G., Rose, E., Breen, D., Whitaker, R., and Tuceryan, M. (1997). Real-time Vision-based Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications.InProceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST--97), Pages 87--94.

....3 2 Previous works 2.1 Fiducial tracking There are several developed fiducial tracking AR systems. Most of them have used solid or concentric circular fiducials [Mellor95] Neumann96] State96] Cho97] and a few of them have used the corners of big rectangles as fiducials [Kutulakos96][Koller97]. All of them have adopted single size fiducials or rectangles, and their tracking areas are limited to just around a desktop or the opposite wall of a room (Fig. 1) None of them seems to support full room ( 30x30 feet) tracking from arm length distance to wall to wall distance. Figure 1. An ....

D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. hitaker, and M. Tuceryan, Realtime Vision-Based Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications, Proceedings of the Symposium on VRST, Lausanne, Switzerland, September, 1997, pp. 87-94

....control device. 7.2 Calibration Calibration in AR is hard and has been addressed by several people for several different types of equipment. Tuceryan et al. looked at monitor based augmented reality [22] Bajur et al. and Koller et al. each merged video camera images into synthetic scenes [3, 13], Azuma and Bishop studied see through head mounted displays (HMDs) 2] and State et al. hybrid tracking systems [20] Of the calibration requirements listed by Hollerbach and Wampler, accuracy is the hardest to satisfy in an augmented environment, and consequently the one to which most ....

D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time vision-based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In ACM symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology 1997, pages 87--94, 1997.

....intensities are constant [Ward92] Bajura95] Since they are 3D objects and require power, it is difficult to install them and to determine their centroids exactly. Mellor used concentric black and white circular fiducials [Mellor95] Corners of large black rectangles were used in [Kutulakos96][Koller97]. Fiducial detection only deals with intensity, and it is fast. But fiducial identification is difficult because all fiducials are identical. Big rectangles occupy large portion of an image. Multi colored concentric circle sets are helpful for robust fiducial detection and identification ....

Dieter Koller , Gudrun Klinker, Eric Rose, David Breen, Ross Whitaker, and Mihran Tuceryan, Real-time Vision-Based Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications, To appear in the Proceedings of the Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST-97), Lausanne, Switzerland, September 15-17, 1997

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D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time Vision-Based Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications. Proc. ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST'97), Lausanne, Switzerland, Sept. 15-17, 1997.

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D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time vision-based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST-97), Lausanne, Switzerland, September 1997.

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D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time Vision-Based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In D. Thalmann, editor, ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, New York, NY, 1997. ACM Press.

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Koller D., Klinker G., Rose E., Breen D., Whitaker R., Tuceryan M.(1997): "Real-time vision based camera tracking for augmented reality applications", Proc. VRTT-97, Lausanne, Switzerland, pp. 87-94.

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D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Realtime vision-based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In Proc ACM Symp on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, 1997.

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D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time Vision-Based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In D. Thalmann, editor, ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, New York, NY, 1997. ACM Press.

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D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan. Real-time Vision-Based camera tracking for augmented reality applications. In Daniel Thalmann, editor, Proc. ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, New York, NY, 1997. ACM Press.

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D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, M. Tuceryan, Real-time vision-based camera tracking for augmented reality applications, in: Proc. VRST#97, 1997, pp. 87--94.

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Koller, D., Klinker, G., Rose, E., Breen, D., Whitaker, R., and Tuceryan, M. Real-time visionbased camera tracking for augmented reality applications, in ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Softrware and Technology, 1997, Lausanne, Switzerland.

No context found.

Koller D, Klinker G, Rose E, Breen D, Whitaker R, Tuceryan M. Real-time vision-based camera tracking for augmented reality application. In Proceedings of ACM Symposium Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST '97), 1997; 87--94.

No context found.

D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan, Real-time Vision-Based Camera Tracking for Augmented Reality Applications. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST-97), Lausanne, Switzerland, September 15-17, 1997, pp. 87-94.

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D. Koller, G. Klinker, E. Rose, D. Breen, R. Whitaker, and M. Tuceryan, "Real-time vision-based camera tracking for augmented reality application", Technical Report, 1997.

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