President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection. "Critical Foundations: Protecting America's Infrastructures The Report of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection," United States Government Printing Office (GPO), No. 040-000-00699-1, October 1997.  Home/Search   Document Not in Database   Summary   Related Articles   Check

....is now highly dependent on the correct operation of computerized information systems, and the failure of these information systems will often eliminate infrastructure service quickly and completely. The dependability of these critical information systems has therefore become a major concern [5, 6]. Dependability is a property that a system might have and is usually stated as a set of requirements with which the system has to comply. Dependability has many aspects reliability, availability and safety, and so on [4] and to permit precise requirements statements about systems, each of ....

President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection. "Critical Foundations: Protecting America's Infrastructures The Report of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection," United States Government Printing Office (GPO), No. 040-000-00699-1, October 1997.

....domains, in turn, have become exceedingly dependent upon their information systems to provide their services to society. Recently, much attention has been given to this nation s dependence on these critical information systems, focusing on their fragile nature and vulnerable state [58] [61]. Given the dependence upon these critical information systems, an important property that these systems must achieve is survivability. Survivability is one attribute of dependability; other aspects include reliability, availability, and safety [46] Informally, survivability is the ability of a ....

.... service, possibly alternate or degraded, in the face of failures, attacks, or accidents [28] The failures of concern in critical information systems can include such events as hardware or software failure, operator error, power failure, environmental disaster, or malicious security attacks [61]. One approach to providing the requirement of survivability is fault tolerance. Fault tolerance enables systems to continue to provide service in spite of the presence of faults. Fault tolerance consists of four phases: error detection, damage assessment, state restoration, and continued service ....

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President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection. "Critical Foundations: Protecting America's Infrastructures The Report of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection," United States Government Printing BIBLIOGRAPHY 125 Office (GPO), No. 040-000-00699-1, October 1997.

....recovery specifications and implementations. 1. Introduction The provision of dependable service in infrastructure applications such as electric power generation and control, banking and financial systems, telecommunications, and transportation systems has become a major national concern [34] [35]. Society has become so dependent on such services that the loss of any of them would have serious consequences. Such services are often referred to as critical infrastructure applications. As has occurred in many domains, sophisticated information systems have been introduced into critical ....

President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection. "Critical Foundations: Protecting America's Infrastructures The Report of the President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection," United States Government Printing Office (GPO), No. 040-000-00699-1, October 1997.

....for critical applications poses increasing temptation for unauthorized criminal and terroristic activity. The recent report from the Presidential Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection found that threats to the U.S. computing infrastructure to be one of their most significant concerns. [31] The situation is getting worse: our increased connectivity provided by new network technologies simply amplifies the existing threats that we do not yet completely understand. For example, in 1981, the experimental IP protocol suite was introduced as the number of ARPANET hosts exceeded 210; ....

President's Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection. Critical Foundations: Protecting America 's Infrastructures. U.S. Government, 1998.

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