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US National Bureau of Standards, "Data Encryption Standard", Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46-1, January 1988.

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Virtual Private Networks: Strong Security at What Cost? - Hunt, Rodgers (2001)   (Correct)

....by encrypting and encapsulating the original IP packet in the data segment of the new IPSec packet. The encryption algorithm and keys are negotiated and exchanged using the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) protocol (see Section 4.1. 3) All implementations of IPSec are required to support the DES [oS88] and Triple DES [KMS95] cryptographic algorithms, and some implementations additionally support algorithms such as Blowfish. IPSec has a small number of limitations which have implications for its use in VPNs, the most serious being compatibility problems with NAT, ICMP, FTP, IKE, IP ....

US National Bureau of Standards. Data Encryption Standard. http://www.itl.nist. gov/fipspubs/fip46-2.htm, January 1988.


The Architecture and Performance of Security Protocols in.. - Rodeh, Birman, Dolev (2000)   (12 citations)  (Correct)

....to interface with them, rather than coding our own implementations of the various MAC, encryption, and authentication algorithms. As cryptographic standards and algorithm progress and evolve, this permits us to easily keep apace. Currently, an interface with OpenSSL [27] allows using RC4, DES [13], IDEA [45] and Die Hellman [44] For authentication, in addition to PGP [34] we have a Kerberos [2] interface, though it is out of date. 3.3 Random number generation Cryptographically secure random numbers are vital to any secure system. It is not possible to generate truly random numbers and ....

U. Goverment. Data encryption standard. Technical Report 46, National Bureau of Standards, Federal, 1977.


The Architecture and Performance of Security.. - Rodeh, Birman.. (1998)   (12 citations)  (Correct)

....old untrusted members will not be able to eavesdrop on the group conversations. 3.2 Cryptographic infrastructure Our design supports the use of a variety of authentication, signature and encryption mechanisms. By default the system uses PGP for authentication, MD5 [15] for signature, and RC4 [16] for encryption. Because these three functionalities are carried out independently any combination of supported authentication, signature, and encryption systems can be used. Other systems, such as Kerberos [17] IDEA [18] and DES [16] have been interfaced with Ensemble at various stages. 3.3 ....

....uses PGP for authentication, MD5 [15] for signature, and RC4 [16] for encryption. Because these three functionalities are carried out independently any combination of supported authentication, signature, and encryption systems can be used. Other systems, such as Kerberos [17] IDEA [18] and DES [16], have been interfaced with Ensemble at various stages. 3.3 Random number generation Cryptographically secure random numbers are a vital resource for any secure system. It is not possible to generate truly random numbers and therefore one uses pseudo random number generators. We have plugged in ....

[Article contains additional citation context not shown here]

US Goverment, "Data encryption standard," Tech. Rep. 46, National Bureau of Standards, Federal, 1977.


Network Working Group R. Atkinson Request for Comments: 1827.. - Status Of This   Self-citation (Standards)   (Correct)

No context found.

US National Bureau of Standards, "Data Encryption Standard", Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46-1, January 1988.


Network Working Group R. Atkinson Request for Comments: 1827.. - Status Of This   Self-citation (Standards)   (Correct)

No context found.

US National Bureau of Standards, "Data Encryption Standard", Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46, January 1977.


Network Working Group C. Madson Request for Comments: 2405.. - With Explicit Iv   Self-citation (Standards)   (Correct)

No context found.

US National Bureau of Standards, "Data Encryption Standard", Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46-2, December 1993, http://www.itl.nist.gov/div897/pubs/fip46-2.htm (supercedes FIPS-46-1).


The ESP CBC-Mode Cipher Algorithms - Pereira, Adams (1998)   (21 citations)  Self-citation (Standards)   (Correct)

.... k3 E k3 E C1 C2 Ci Pereira Adams Standards Track [Page 7] RFC2451 RFC.net Page 8 of 15 RFC 2451 ESP CBC Mode Cipher Algorithms November 1998 The DES EDE3 CBC algorithm is a simple variant of the DES CBC algorithm [FIPS 46]. The outer chaining technique is used. In DES EDE3 CBC, an Initialization Vector (IV) is XOR d with the first 64 bit (8 byte) plaintext block (P1) The keyed DES function is iterated three times, an encryption (Ek1) followed by a decryption (Dk2) followed by an encryption (Ek3) and generates ....

US National Bureau of Standards, "Data Encryption Standard", Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46, January 1977.


Network Working Group P. Karn Request for Comments: 1851.. - Status Of This   (Correct)

No context found.

US National Bureau of Standards, "Data Encryption Standard", Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46-1, January 1988.


Network Working Group P. Karn Request for Comments: 1851.. - Status Of This   (Correct)

No context found.

US National Bureau of Standards, "Data Encryption Standard", Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46, January 1977.

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