| Nittrouer, S., Studdert-Kennedy, M., & McGowan, R. S. (1989). The emergence of phonetic segments: Evidence from the spectral structure of fricative-vowel syllables spoken by children and adults. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 32, 120--132. |
.... of segments (phonemes) and other structures (onset, rime, syllable) are not built in; rather, the relevant similarity among phonological representations at multiple levels emerges gradually over the course of development (also see Lindblom, 1992; Lindblom, MacNeilage, Studdert Kennedy, 1984; Nittrouer, Studdert Kennedy, McGowan, 1989). Also note that the system lacks any explicit structures corresponding to words, such as logogens (Morton, 1969) or localist word units (Dell, 1986; McClelland Rumelhart, 1981) Instead, the lexical status of certain acoustic and articulatory sequences is reflected only in the nature of the ....
Nittrouer, S., Studdert-Kennedy, M., & McGowan, R. S. (1989). The emergence of phonetic segments: Evidence from the spectral structure of fricative-vowel syllables spoken by children and adults. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 32, 120--132.
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